氧化剂在黄铜矿氧化浸出中应用的研究进展

doi:10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.216368

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 综述了常温常压下传统酸性介质和绿色溶剂离子液体中Fe3+, H2O2, Cr2O72?, NaClO3, KMnO4, Na2S2O8, O3, NaNO3等氧化剂在黄铜矿氧化浸出中应用的研究进展，分析总结了黄铜矿浸出过程的机理、各种浸出介质及氧化剂的优缺点. 综合分析发现：O3的氧化电位最高、氧化性好，浸出过程中无杂质引入，是酸性介质中氧化浸出黄铜矿最好的氧化剂；酸性体系中添加极性有机溶剂可显著提高Cu的浸出率，抑制铁的浸出且有利于浸出液的净化；离子液体作为一种可设计、选择性好、易循环利用的绿色溶剂用于黄铜矿湿法冶金可显著缩短浸出时间和提高Cu的浸出率，有望开发一种黄铜矿绿色湿法冶金新技术.

关键词: 黄铜矿, 氧化剂, 氧化浸出, 动力学, 硫酸介质, 氯介质, 离子液体

Abstract: The research progress of chalcopyrite leaching at ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure with various oxidants such as Fe3+, H2O2, Cr2O7 2?, NaClO3, KMnO4, Na2S2O8, O3 and NaNO3 were summarized. The advantages and disadvantages of oxidants and leaching system for leaching chalcopyrite and leaching mechanisms were analyzed and summarized. It was found that O3 would be the best oxidant for oxidation leaching of chalcopyrite in acid leaching medium, due to its high oxidation potential and no other by-products or impurities generated except water during leaching process. The addition of polar organic solvents in the acidic leaching system can significantly improve the leaching rate of Cu, restrain the leaching of iron and benefit for purification of the leaching solution. As a designable green solvent with good selectivity and easy recycling, ionic liquid can greatly shorten the chalcopyrite leaching time and obviously improve the leaching rates of Cu, which was expected to develop a green technology for hydrometallurgy of chalcopyrite.

Key words: chalcopyrite, oxidants, oxidation leaching, kinetics, sulfuric acid medium, chloride medium, ionic liquid

田国才胡均贤字富庭. 氧化剂在黄铜矿氧化浸出中应用的研究进展[J]. 过程工程学报, 2017, 17(4): 664-676.

Guocai TIAN Junxian HU Futing ZI. Research Advances in Applications of Oxidants in Oxidation Leaching of Chalcopyrite[J]. Chin. J. Process Eng., 2017, 17(4): 664-676.

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