关键词: 核电厂, 危险化学品, 储存设施, 设计, 管理

Abstract: Various chemicals are used during the operation and maintenance process of nuclear power plants, and some of them are identified as hazardous chemicals. In the nuclear power plants, the safety issues of dangerous chemicals are not directly correlated with the safety issues of radioactive materials but their hazards can be added together to enlarge the total hazards, so it’s of great significance to strengthen the design and management of dangerous chemicals. The second-generation modified M310 pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant is taken for instance. More than 14 kinds of chemicals are applied, for example fuming sulfuric acid, liquid ammonia, acetylene and so on. Radioactive materials are also mentioned, such as radioactive sources, radioactive solids, liquid waste and gas waste, but radioactive materials should not be classified as dangerous chemical. Identification of major hazard installations of dangerous chemicals is a management of units that produce, store, use and operate chemicals. The identification in nuclear power plants based on the Identification of major hazard installations for dangerous chemicals, lists of dangerous goods, and the rules for classification and labelling of chemicals—part 18: acute toxicity. The evaluation of major hazard sources is characterized by the ratio of the presence of each identified substance in the identification unit to the critical mass. This ratio is expressed in q/Q(critical value) in the Identification of Major Hazardous Sources of Hazardous Chemicals. If there are many types of dangerous chemicals in the identification unit, the ratios of the identified substances are summed up. If the sum is less than one, it is not a hazard installation of dangerous chemicals, otherwise, it is. The design and management of major hazardous and chemical storage facilities are analyzed and discussed with the experience of design for several nuclear power plants. After identification, dangerous chemicals stored and used by nuclear power plants are not major hazard installations. The design scheme for storage facilities is strictly implemented in accordance with standards and codes, and the measures are completed, which meet the increasingly stringent regulatory requirements for hazardous chemicals, and in the meantime the safety of the hazardous chemicals within nuclear power plants is assured.

Key words: nuclear power plant, dangerous chemicals, storage facility, designing, management