Volumn Content

The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering 2001 Vol.1 Please wait a minute... For Selected: Download Citations EndNote Ris BibTeX Toggle Thumbnails Select Solid Circulating Rate in a Spouted–fluidized Bed with Draft Tube at Elevated Pressure LIU Xiang-dong; ZHANG Ming-yao    2001, 1 (1): 0-0.   Abstract （3718）      PDF （124KB）（1079）       Knowledge map    Save The effects of operating factors, such as spouting velocity, fluidizing velocity, pressure and particle size on solid circulating rate in a spouted–fluidized bed with draft tube were investigated. The experimental results showed that the spouting velocity was the most important factor. The solid circulating rate increased with increasing fluidizing velocity and pressure, and decreased with increasing mean particle diameter. Based on the experimental results, an empirical correlation of the solid circulating rate was established. This work is helpful to designing the carbide furnace in the second generation PFBC–CC system. Related Articles | Metrics Select Research on Inlet and Outlet Configurations of Gas–Solids Cocurrent Downflow Reactors YANG Yan-hui; DENG Ren-sheng; WEI Fei; JIN Yong    2001, 1 (1): 0-0.   Abstract （1775）      PDF （109KB）（1025）       Knowledge map    Save Since last ten years, the cocurrent downflow reactor(downer) has become a hot topic in fluidization research. The structure of inlet and outlet of a downer is critical for realizing effective gas–solids contact in very short time. This paper summarizes the current research work about inlet and outlet, including design and structure, and effect on hydrodynamics and dispersion behavior in the downer. Based on this, the relation of structure and performance was discussed, design and scale-up criteria were suggested. Related Articles | Metrics Select Methanolsis of Poly(ethylene terephthalate) in Supercritical Phase Yang Yong;Xiang Hong-wei;et al.    2001, 1 (1): 0-0.   Abstract （1821）      PDF （117KB）（837）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Select Process Industry and Process Engineering CHEN Jia-yong    2001, 1 (1): 0-0.   Abstract （2123）      PDF （104KB）（1115）       Knowledge map    Save A brief survey of process industry and process engineering is reported. Related Articles | Metrics Select Kinetic Analysis of the Azodicarbonamide Production Process in Gas–Liquid–Solid Systems LIN Cheng; ZHANG Ji-yu    2001, 1 (1): 0-0.   Abstract （2074）      PDF （172KB）（864）       Knowledge map    Save The oxidation of solid biurea with chlorine in aqueous solution to produce azodicarbonamide was experimentally studied in a 1 L agitated glass vessel with a four-blade paddle stirrer. Based on the film theory, a model is first developed for this system by taking the gas–liquid and solid–liquid mass transfer, solid dissolution, and instantaneous reaction between the dissolved reactants into consideration. The model can reasonably well represent the experimental data. According to the values of gas–liquid and solid–liquid mass transfer coefficients estimated with the proposed model, it is found that the gas–liquid mass transfer is a rate-controlling step in most cases, but the solid–liquid mass transfer becomes a rate-controlling step when the reaction is close to the end of this process. Related Articles | Metrics Select Synchronous Growth of Vero Cells with Double Thymidine Block GAO Hong-liang; CONG Wei; ZHI Wen-bo; OUYANG Fan; SHAO Man-jun    2001, 1 (1): 0-0.   Abstract （1678）      PDF （133KB）（672）       Knowledge map    Save The optimum conditions of synchronous growth of Vero cells with double thymidine (TdR) block were investigated, including the concentration of TdR, treatment time and recovery time. The proper operation procedure is as follows: exponentially growing Vero cells were arrested with 2 mmol/L TdR for 11 h, cultured in normal medium for 14 h and arrested with TdR for another 11 h. In this way, the Synchronous Index (SI) reached 65.0% for the Vero cells culture in bottles and 60.0% for Vero cells growing on Cytodex-3 microcarriers in spinner flasks. Related Articles | Metrics Select NOx-suppressed Smokeless Combustion Technique and Application in Coal-fired Kilns XU You-ning; SONG Wen-li; BAI Yun-ru; ZHANG Jian-guo; LIN Wei-gang; LI Jing-hai    2001, 1 (1): 0-0.   Abstract （2565）      PDF （125KB）（1020）       Knowledge map    Save Mechanism analysis and emission measurement indicate that the NOx-suppressed smokeless coal combustion technique can reduce NO and smoke emission simultaneously and improve combustion efficiency. Its application to coal-fired kilns is presented by comparing the emission from the modified and unmodified kilns. Related Articles | Metrics Select Comparison of Several Extraction Techniques for Recovery of Glycyrrhizic Acid from G. uralensis Fisch PAN Xue-jun; LIU Hui-zhou; JIA Guang-he; CHEN Jia-yong    2001, 1 (1): 0-0.   Abstract （1646）      PDF （94KB）（954）       Knowledge map    Save Comparison of extraction methods for isolation of glycyrrhizic acid from G. uralensis Fisch is presented. The experiments show that microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) was more effective than the conventional techniques such as heat reflux extraction, Soxhlet extraction and extraction at room temperature. Due to the short extraction time and low consumption of solvent and energy, MAE technique is suitable for fast extraction of a variety of licorice-containing products. Related Articles | Metrics Select Extraction of Sulfate Radical Polysaccharide from Laminaria Japonica Enhanced by Ultrasonic Wave in an Air-lift Reactor WANG Qian; HUANG Meng; ZHAO Bing; WANG Yu-chun; OUYANG Fan; WU Zhi-chun    2001, 1 (1): 0-0.   Abstract （2755）      PDF （160KB）（708）       Knowledge map    Save The extraction of sulfate radical polysaccharide from Laminaria Japonica enhanced by ultrasonic wave in an air-lift reactor was reported. The optimal experimental conditions in this reactor (diameter 8 cm, working volume 1 liter) were pH 5.0, operation temperature 40oC, mass ratio of liquid to solid 45, extraction time 25 min, air flow rate 75 L/h, ultrasonic power 120 W, ultrasonic duty cycle 100%. Under the above conditions, the extraction ratio of sulfate radical polysaccharide reached 1.86%, higher than that by treatment for 3 h in water at 100oC and that under the same conditions without ultrasonic wave applied. The content of SO42- in sulfate radical polysaccharide of the former was 5.7% higher due to application of ultrasonic wave. The experimental results showed that this novel extraction process is prospective in the extraction of polysaccharide from seaweed. Related Articles | Metrics Select Process Engineering Mooson Kwauk    2001, 1 (1): 0-0.   Abstract （1471）      PDF （32KB）（695）       Knowledge map    Save Through induction, integration and cross-disciplinary interaction, chemical engineering has acquired an ever-expanding knowledge base involving transport and reaction as its main contents. The application of this knowledge base has far extended beyond its namesake, the chemical products, to encompass all physical as well as chemical processing, upgrading chemical engineering to the much larger field of process engineering. How to further foster the expansion and growth of this knowledge base of process engineering, and, in facing the challenges of the 21st millennium, the identification of appropriate frontiers for China, are becoming the foci of attention. Related Articles | Metrics Select Physical Modeling of the Vortex Phenomenon in Continuous Casting Mould LEI Hong; ZHU Miao-yong; HE Ji-cheng    2001, 1 (1): 0-0.   Abstract （2721）      PDF （266KB）（911）       Knowledge map    Save Water model was used to study the mechanism of vortex formation in the mould, and the effects of operation parameters on vortex formation were investigated. The results show that singular vortex or a pair of vortices appear intermittently on the one side of nozzle, and the formation of vortex is due to the interaction of two surface streams flowing inwards. The frequency of vortex increases with the augment of the casting speed, and decreases with the augment of the immersion depth and nozzle angle. The formation of vortex can be inhibited by optimizing the submerged entry nozzle. Related Articles | Metrics Select Anaerobic Degradation Route of Oxalate and the Reaction Conditions YU Yang; SHEN Yi-shen; YE Shu-feng    2001, 1 (1): 0-0.   Abstract （2814）      PDF （161KB）（823）       Knowledge map    Save To dispose the oxalate waste from the alumina refining process effectively and economically, the method of oxalate anaerobic digestion is presented. The results indicate that oxalate was converted to harmless methane and bicarbonate under anaerobic conditions. However, moderate conditions must be provided for oxalate degradation. When the oxalate concentration was over 0.25 mol/L or pH above 10, the oxalate degradation was totally inhibited. Acetate, as an external carbon source, is found to promote degradation. Related Articles | Metrics Select Kinetics of Epoxidation of Propylene with H2O2 in Isopropanol CHEN Xiao-hui; TAN Wei; MI Zhen-tao; WANG Chun-yan; XU Xi-en    2001, 1 (1): 0-0.   Abstract （1864）      PDF （169KB）（762）       Knowledge map    Save The epoxidation of propylene with H2O2 in isopropanol under mild conditions over TS–1 molecular sieve was studied, the primary and side reaction kinetics was discussed, and the effects of temperature, pressure and other factors on reactions were analyzed. It was found that when pressure of propylene was 0.3 MPa and temperature below 40oC, the yield of propylene oxide was up to 75%, and the integration of propylene epoxidation with manufacture of H2O2 via isopropanol was possible. Related Articles | Metrics Select Bioleaching of Low-grade Ni–Cu Sulfide Ore CHEN Quan-jun; FANG Zhao-heng    2001, 1 (1): 0-0.   Abstract （1809）      PDF （127KB）（671）       Knowledge map    Save Bioleaching of low-grade Ni–Cu sulfide ore from Jin–chuan with thiobacillus ferrooxidans (TF5) and thiobacillus thiooxidans (TT) is investigated. The effect of pH, inoculation, pulp density on leaching is presented. The leaching process inoculated with different blend of TF5 and TT is also examined. These experiments confirm that the leaching pH should be controlled at about 2.0, the best inoculation quantity 3.0′109 cells/ml, low pulp density is more favorable for leaching, and the extraction of nickel is increased by inoculation with the blend of TF5 and TT. Related Articles | Metrics Select The Green Process Engineering Science ZHANG Yi    2001, 1 (1): 0-0.   Abstract （2050）      PDF （47KB）（1165）       Knowledge map    Save The background and connotation of the green process engineering science is described and analyzed with actual examples of research, and discussion is made on methods, objectives, scopes and prospect of research on resource utilization-materials conversion processes based on the environmental economy assessment system. The research intentions in green process engineering are stated, including the cross-linking and incorporation of chemistry-physics-biology-computational information with environmental science, optimal integration of materials and energy flows, intensification and sequenced aggregation of reaction-separation, optimization of operation control and multi-scale theories, which are further refined as the optimal engineering scale-up theory for green process engineering in green industries. It is expected that this theory could provide scientific and engineering criteria for green upgrading of process industries and new type of ecological industry in the 21st century. Related Articles | Metrics Select Anodic Reaction of Arsenopyrite in Ammoniacal Solutions FANG Zhao-heng;YU Jing-kai    2001, 1 (1): 0-0.   Abstract （2815）      PDF （101KB）（825）       Knowledge map    Save Anodic dissolution of arsenopyrite in ammoniacal solution has been investigated by electrochemical methods. The process is an irreversible reaction with formation of a ferric oxidized film and is retarded by the film. The process rate is controlled by the electrochemical reaction on the electrode surface in the lower temperature range, or alternatively by the diffusion through the film in the higher temperature range. The overall reaction has 14 electron transferred and can be expressed by Related Articles | Metrics Select Steam-explosion of Ammoniated Corn Straw and Subsequent Solid State Fermentation YANG Xue-xia;CHEN Hong-zhang; LI Zuo-hu    2001, 1 (1): 0-0.   Abstract （2783）      PDF （104KB）（796）       Knowledge map    Save Corn straw was ammoniated and steam-exploded. This pretreatment resulted in degradation of hemicellul-ose and less degradation of cellulose and lignin. In addition, substrate hydrolysis was enhanced, the content of nitrogen was increased. After solid state fermentation of pretreated corn straw, the content of protein was increased and the content of cellulose was reduced. Steam-explosion of ammoniated corn straw is suitable for bioconversion. Related Articles | Metrics Select Dispersion Behavior of Ultrafine Titanium Dioxide Particles in Aqueous Solution CUI Ai-li; WANG Ting-jie; HE Hong; JIN Yong    2001, 1 (1): 0-0.   Abstract （1628）      PDF （158KB）（680）       Knowledge map    Save The effects of dispersant on the dispersion of ultrafine TiO2 particles were investigated. The sedimentation height and the size distribution of the dispersed particles in aqueous solution were employed to characterize the particle dispersion. The experimental results show that (NaPO3)6, Na2SiO3 and C2H5OH are efficient dispersants for TiO2 particles in aqueous solution. The zeta potential of the particles in aqueous solution was measured to analyze the dispersion mechanism of different dispersants, since (NaPO3)6 and Na2SiO3 can significantly increase the absolute value of zeta potential of particles, and C2H5OH forms a solvent layer on the particle surface. Thus, satisfactory and stable dispersion of TiO2 particles in aqueous solution is obtained. Related Articles | Metrics Select Pressure Drop Characteristics of Vertical Dilute-phase Gas Conveying JING Shan; JIANG Pan-liang; HU Qing-yuan; WANG Jin-fu; JIN Yong    2001, 1 (1): 0-0.   Abstract （1944）      PDF （115KB）（912）       Knowledge map    Save An experimental study of gas conveying of Geldart–D powder in dilute phase through a vertical pipe upwards for 18 m with internal diameter 0.05 m upwards for 18 m was conducted. The pressure drop, choking velocity, minimum fluidized velocity for fluidized bed tank and mass flow rate were measured. The values of fs obtained from the experimental pressure drop in the vertical pipe were the same as those predicted by the correlation presented by Klinzing and Mathur, Yang and Caric. The process of calculating fs also showed that the actual solids velocity, calculated from Eq.2 in the paper, in the conveying pipe was the true value. The experimental results showed that the ratio of pressure gradient along 135° upward bend, 135° downward bend and inclined pipe to the vertical pipe were 1.6, 2.0 and 4.0 respectively. Related Articles | Metrics Select Research Advances in Biodesulfurization Technology of Coal and Oil JIANG Cheng-ying;WANG Rong; LIU Hui-zhou; CHEN Jia-yong    2001, 1 (1): 0-0.   Abstract （1368）      PDF （155KB）（1032）       Knowledge map    Save Microbial desulfurization technology shows great potential in energy industry and environmental protection. This review introduces the isolated strains for removing sulfur from sulfur-containing compounds in oil and coal, and the desulfurization mechanism and kinetics. The status of the development and application of the technologies, economic evaluation, existing problems and trend of development for further study are deliberated meanwhile the importance of developing the biodesulfurization technology in China is stressed. Related Articles | Metrics Select Kinetics of Leaching RE from Panxi Mn-containing Mud with Hydrochloric Acid TIAN Jun;; CHI Ru-an; ZHU Guo-cai; XU Sheng-ming    2001, 1 (1): 0-0.   Abstract （1785）      PDF （109KB）（702）       Knowledge map    Save The kinetics of leaching RE from Panxi Mn-containing mud with hydrochloric acid was investigated. The effects of reaction temperature, particle size and HCl concentration on the leaching rate were determined. The apparent activation energy is 9.59 kJ/mol as calculated from the experimental data. The results show that the leaching process can be described by the shrinking core model as HCl concentration is below 2.0 mol/L and the leaching rate is controlled by diffusion of reacting reagents and leached products in the porous solid layer. When HCl concentration is above 2.0 mol/L, the leaching mechanism changes from inner diffusion control to mixed control mechanism because the original ore structure is destroyed. Related Articles | Metrics Select Preparation of Ultrafine Co Powder from Basic Co(OH)2 Slurry by Hydrogen Reduction YU Ke-ning; MAO Ming-hua; LIANG Huan-zhen; XU Ju    2001, 1 (1): 0-0.   Abstract （1689）      PDF （103KB）（619）       Knowledge map    Save Ultrafine Co powder with an average particle size below 0.1μm was prepared by hydrogen reduction from the basic Co(OH)2 slurry, which was obtained by mixing the solution of CoSO4 with NaOH. The pH of the slurry was controlled between 8 and 12. The filtration and washing of the slurry were not necessary before hydrogen reduction. The proposed reduction temperature was 170~200oC, concentration of catalyst PdCl2 2 mg/L, partial pressure of H2 was 2~3 MPa, and reduction time about 40 min. Temperature and concentration of PdCl2 showed obvious effects on the reaction, and pH of the end solution showed major effect on particle size of Co powder obtained. Related Articles | Metrics Select New Design of Internals for Improving Fluidization Quality of Cohesive Particles LIU Qin; LU Xue-song; LI Hong-zhong    2001, 1 (1): 0-0.   Abstract （1903）      PDF （154KB）（829）       Knowledge map    Save To improve the fluidization quality of cohesive particles, the traditional perforated plate internals and the remiform internals as well as the new design of the perforated remiform internals were tested with cohesive γ– Al2O3 particles as the experimental material. The experimental results showed that the perforated plate internal was inefficient for improving fluidization quality of cohesive particles, the remiform internal was better than the former. The perforated-remiform internals combine the advantages of two traditional ones and was proved to be the best internals for using in cohesive particles. Related Articles | Metrics Select Photoelectrochemical Degradation of PCP on TiO2 Film Electrode XU Wen-lin;WANG Ya-qiong    2001, 1 (1): 0-0.   Abstract （1818）      PDF （136KB）（770）       Knowledge map    Save An investigation of photoelectrochemical degradation of pentachlorophenol (PCP) on a TiO2 film electrode was presented. The TiO2 film electrode was prepared by anodisation of titanium metal in sulfuric acid solution and its photoelectrocatalystic performance was studied. The destruction of PCP follows approximately the first-order kinetics. The reaction constant decreases slightly from 2.6×10–5 s–1 to 2.0×10–5 s–1 as the initial PCP concentration is increased from 0.1 mmol/L to 1.0 mmol/L under the experimental condition. Related Articles | Metrics Select Bioleaching of Ni–Cu Sulfide with Acidophilic Thermophile Acidianus brierleyi ZHAO Yue-feng; FANG Zhao-heng    2001, 1 (2): 0-0.   Abstract （3608）      PDF （126KB）（789）       Knowledge map    Save Amino acids are very important nutrients in mammalian cell cultivation. Amino acids metabolism varies greatly from one cell line to another, and specific culture media were therefore designed to cover the needs of individual lines. The paper investigated the amino acid metabolism of Vero cells in batch culture by HPLC. The results showed that 12 amino acids (Gln, Arg, His, Leu, Thr, Ile, Lys, Ser, Tyr, Phe, Val and Met) were consumed, and 4 amino acids (Glu, Asp, Ala and Pro) were produced during the growth of Vero cells. 6 amino acids ( Leu, Thr, Ile, Lys, Phe and Tyr) were consumed quickly only in the exponential phase of growth and consumed very slowly in the stationary phase of growth. Related Articles | Metrics Select Influence of pH, Redox Potential and Hydraulic Retention Time on Anaerobic Fermentation of Glucose ZHOU Hong-bo; Cord-ruwisch Ralf; CHEN Jian    2001, 1 (2): 0-0.   Abstract （1894）      PDF （269KB）（714）       Knowledge map    Save In wide ranges of pH, Eh and HRT values, glucose was anaerobically fermented by mixed anaerobes. Fastest specific glucose degradation rate and anaerobe growth rate were obtained under the conditions of pH=6~7 and Eh = -400 mV. Product distribution was strongly influenced by pH, Eh and HRT. Lactate and acetate were always major products under all conditions, while ethanol, butyrate, formate and succinate could be major products under certain conditions. The effect of HRT on product distribution was not regular in a wide range of conditions. Under the conditions of pH=6 and Eh= -550~ -300 mV, butyrate concentration was decreased and propionate concentration increased. The shift in product distribution was due to variation in the population of anaerobes and changes in metabolic pathways of the same group. Related Articles | Metrics Select Decomposition of Cumene Hydroperoxide Catalyzed by Resin Catalysts HUANG Da-gang; YU Shi-ru; HAN Ming-han; WANG Jin-fu; JIN Yong    2001, 1 (2): 0-0.   Abstract （2595）      PDF （275KB）（652）       Knowledge map    Save Comparing different sulfonic resin catalysts, it was found that CT–175 has a higher activity and is suitable catalyst for the decomposition of cumene hydroperoxide. After the wet resin is dipped in acetone for more than 80 min, nearly 100% water can be removed when the ratio of acetone to resin is 40 ml/g. The main reason of resin fragmentation is mechanical stirring, so it is not suited for a reactor with a mechanical stirrer. The deactivation of resin is caused by Na+ in the resin, and the deactivated catalyst must be regenerated after the Na+ concentration is more than 3%. The optimal regeneration condition is room temperature and 3.5% (w) H2SO4 solution by which more than 95% Na+ in the resin can be removed. Related Articles | Metrics Select Numerical Simulation of Effect of Steel on Electromagnetic Characteristics of Soft-contact Mold DENG An-yuan; JIA Guang-lin; HE Ji-cheng    2001, 1 (2): 0-0.   Abstract （1742）      PDF （144KB）（641）       Knowledge map    Save A three-dimensional mathematic mold for electromagnetic field of soft-contact mold and the related finite element program verified by experimental data have been developed to study the relationship between three-dimensional electromagnetic characteristics and the steel in soft-contact mold. The results from numerical simulation show that the electromagnetic characteristics of soft-contact mold has close correlativity with the existence of charge and is sensitive with the fluctuation of meniscus level, the effect of coil position on electromagnetic characteristics lies on the existence of steel, high frequency electromagnetic field is propitious to the confinement of meniscus and weakens the stirring intensity of interior steel, the optimal frequency is 20 kHz or higher, the magnetic field mainly concentrates in the range of 10 mm thickness from outer surface of billet. Related Articles | Metrics Select Solvent-containing Preparative Electrophoresis of Proteins LUO Jian; LIU Zheng    2001, 1 (2): 0-0.   Abstract （1753）      PDF （119KB）（631）       Knowledge map    Save Aimed at directly mine operation conditions, WC particle/grey iron and low-chromium alloy white iron matrix composites were manufactured, and their anti-erosive wear properties were investigated against high-chromium cast iron. Results showed that the erosive wear resistance of composites with different metal matrix materials was better than that of high-Cr cast iron, and that of high-carbon and low-Cr white iron matrix was the best. Related Articles | Metrics Select Research on the Mass Transfer Capability of the Flat Jet Continuous Reactor YE Shu-feng; HUANG Ye; LI Jie; TIAN Xin-zhong; XIE Yu-sheng; JIN Shan-tong; HUANG Ze-ming; DING Yi    2001, 1 (2): 0-0.   Abstract （2735）      PDF （347KB）（717）       Knowledge map    Save The experimental measurement of mass transfer coefficient for the flat jet continuous reactor has been done in a water-kerosene system with 2-naphthol transferred between liquid phases. The mass transfer coefficient is found to vary in a linear way with stirring intensity when the flat jet thickness is 3 mm or 4 mm. The flat jet continuous reactor is promising in application in iron and steel making for its great capability of interphase mass transfer. Related Articles | Metrics Select Investigation of Surface Activity of PEO–PPO–PEO Triblock Copolymers in Aqueous Solution SU Yan-lei; GUO Chen; WEI Xiao-fang; LIU Hui-zhou    2001, 1 (2): 0-0.   Abstract （2011）      PDF （176KB）（764）       Knowledge map    Save Surface tension measurements of PEO–PPO–PEO P84, P103, P104, P123 and F127 aqueous solutions were obtained with the ring method. The surface tension was observed to decrease as time elapses. The difference of surface activity of block copolymer from low molecular hydrocarbon surfactant can be attributed to block copolymer forming molecular brush at air–water interface. Using the molecular brush model, surface tension curves as a function of concentration could be divided into four regions: gas film region, transition region, molecular brush region, and saturated adsorption region. In the molecular brush region, there is an inflexion point, at which the interaction in the molecular brushes strongly affects surface tensions of block copolymer solutions. Related Articles | Metrics Select Plasmid Stability in High Cell Density Cultures of E.coli HB101(pBR322) YU Guo-ce; JIAO Rui-shen; WANG Ji-cheng; WANG Shu-qing    2001, 1 (2): 0-0.   Abstract （3096）      PDF （142KB）（1041）       Knowledge map    Save Plasmid stability and the activity of b-lactamase were examined in the factorial fed-batch cultures of E.coli HB101(pBR322) in a fermentor. No loss of plasmid pBR322 was observed when temperature shifted from 33 oC to 39 oC, pH from 6.4 to 7.2, dissolved oxygen (DO) from 40% to 80%, the feed rate from 5.4 g/h to 10.8 g/h under the condition of density up to 27.3 g/L and the specific growth rate up to 0.73 h-1. The specific activity of b-lactamase, however, decreased in high cell density cultures. Related Articles | Metrics Select Purification of Phosphoric Acid by Solvent Extraction LUO Guang-sheng; LIU Shun-hua; SUN Yong; HUANG Hua-fei; DAI You-yuan    2001, 1 (2): 0-0.   Abstract （3200）      PDF （124KB）（1182）       Knowledge map    Save A study of purification of Chinese WPA by solvent extraction was carried out. The effect of temperature on distribution coefficient was investigated and the mechanism of extraction was discussed. The experimental results show that n-butanol has the highest capacity to extract phosphoric acid. With the increase of temperature, the distribution coefficient is found to decrease slightly. The study of extraction mechanism indicates that phosphoric acid is extracted in the form of neutral molecules. Accordingly, other stronger acids such as HCl added to the initial solution will be beneficial to the recovery of phosphoric acid. The fact that the metal ions in WPA are not extracted into the solvent makes out that the solvent extraction is one of the best methods to purify WPA. Related Articles | Metrics Select Recovery of Dunalilla salina Cells by Dissolved Air Flotation CUI Jing-qin; ZHENG Yi; CONG Wei; CAI Zhao-ling    2001, 1 (2): 0-0.   Abstract （1886）      PDF （161KB）（862）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics Select Selective Synthesis of Lignin Peroxidase and Manganese Peroxidases by Phanerochaete chrysosporium LI Hua-zhong; ZHANG Yan-fang; HUA Zhao-zhe; CHEN Jian    2001, 1 (2): 0-0.   Abstract （1761）      PDF （263KB）（678）       Knowledge map    Save Extracting penicillin by aliphatic alcohols was studied in this work. The aliphatic alcohols were more efficient than butyl acetate in extracting penicillin at pH=4. Mixtures of aliphatic alcohol and butyl acetate showed strong coordinated extraction effect. Aliphatic alcohols with branched chain had a little stronger ability to extracting penicillin than straight chain alcohols with the same number of carbon atoms, and water content in organic phase was reduced at the same time. Results of FT–IR indicated, that with adding of butyl acetate, hydroxyl group spectra of aliphatic alcohol became wider and shifted to higher wavenumber. It suggested that butyl acetate molecular blocked forming of aliphatic alcohol congeries, which made hydroxyl group more active. It was suggested by FT-Raman that penicillin molecule entered alcohol phase in inverse microemulsion. The branched chain of alcohols made the system more orderly and polar, which was also favorable to extraction of penicillin. Related Articles | Metrics Select Ability of Binding and Capturing Metal Ions of Nitrogen Containing Polymers CHEN Ming-liang; DENG Lu-sha; LI Xiao-ru; HUANG Ke-long    2001, 1 (2): 0-0.   Abstract （1754）      PDF （180KB）（669）       Knowledge map    Save The paper introduces the evaluation methods of the ability of binding and capturing metal ions for polymers, and the performance, properties and applications of 4 types of nitrogen containing polymers are reviewed. Related Articles | Metrics Select Effect of Shear Stress on Suspension Cultures of Taxus chinensis var. mairei HAN Rong-bin; SHI Zhong-dong; YANG Wen-li; YUAN Ying-jin    2001, 1 (2): 0-0.   Abstract （2000）      PDF （149KB）（649）       Knowledge map    Save Hetero-polyacid anions (PW12O403-)-pillared hydrotalcite-like compound is directly and hydrothermally synthesized by the hot solution method. FTIR and XRD show that PW12O403- has been incorporated into the interstitial space with the dimension of 0.917 nm. The state of PW12O403- anion between the hydrotalcite sheets was also discussed. The title product can be expressed by formula [Zn0.68Al0.32(OH)2]×[PW12O40] 0.11×3H2O after a serious study of TGA and chemical analysis. Related Articles | Metrics Select Hydrothermal Modification of Mg(OH)2 Particles in NaOH Solution XIANG Lan; JIN Yong-cheng; JIN Yong    2001, 1 (2): 0-0.   Abstract （1774）      PDF （230KB）（773）       Knowledge map    Save Literature reported that the mechanism of the energy transfer from a vibration body to a bed in a vibrated fluidized bed (VFB) was collision between two bodies. The enhancement of particle motion in the bed resulted in improvement of fluidization behavior. In this paper, the force acted on the distributor by the bed is measured to analyze the interaction of the distributor and the bed in VFB. Continuous and elastic interaction between the distributor and the bed is revealed from the experimental analysis. An elastic interaction model is proposed: the energy of the periodical vibration is elastically transferred to the bed from the distributor and propagated in the elastic bed as wave. The wave propagation forms a shear force field and enhances the gas–solid contact in the bed. The calculated results from the elastic model of a uniform bed agree with the experimental results under the condition of resonance in a shallow bed. Related Articles | Metrics Select Portable X-ray Photography of Solid Concentration in Gas–Solids Fluidized Beds— (II) Application and Deviation Analysis ZHANG Zhi-pan; LUO Guo-hua; WEI Fei; WANG Zhan-wen    2001, 1 (2): 0-0.   Abstract （1657）      PDF （147KB）（746）       Knowledge map    Save The minimum spouting velocity of multi-size glass bead mixtures was investigated in a rectangular-slot spouted bed with slot air entry, the width of which varies from 2 mm to 6 mm. The experimental results of single and multi-size particle mixtures show that the minimum spouting velocity of multi-size particles is related with particles diameter and size distribution in the particle mixture. In the present work, the maps of minimum spouting velocity for multi-size particle mixture were obtained, and the empirical relation for minimum velocity Ums was determined to be Related Articles | Metrics Select Rational Utilization of Residual Coal Gas in Iron Steel Plant WANG Li-xin; LI Xin; XU Zhi-hong; YANG Zhang-yuan    2001, 1 (2): 0-0.   Abstract （2766）      PDF （164KB）（678）       Knowledge map    Save There is currently large amount of residual coal gas in iron-steel plants which should be used in the future, otherwise it will cause energy loss and environmental pollution. It is suggested in this paper that the coal gas can be used to produce electricity or chemicals. The situation is also discussed when new technologies such as smelting reduction process and continuous casting process are adopted. Related Articles | Metrics page Page 1 of 3 Total 98 records First page Prev page Next page Last page