Most Download articles

Published in last 1 year | In last 2 years| In last 3 years| All| Most Downloaded in Recent Month | Most Downloaded in Recent Year|

All

Please wait a minute...


For Selected: Download Citations EndNote Ris BibTeX Toggle Thumbnails

Select

Thermal Decomposition of Glucose and Sucrose by Kinetics Analysis CHEN Ying-qin HE Han-bing LIU Chang LU Xiao-hua;    2010, 10 (4): 720-725.   Abstract （2099）      PDF （238KB）（3950）       Knowledge map    Save Thermal decomposition process of glucose and sucrose was studied by TG-DTA. The Kissinger, Friedman and non-linear regression methods were used to obtain the reaction decomposition mechanism and kinetic parameters. The results showed that the decomposition of glucose was much easier than that of sucrose. The orders of decomposition reaction for glucose in two stages were 2 and 1 respectively. However, for sucrose, the order of decomposition reaction in two stages was n and 1 respectively. Non-linear fitting of glucose and sucrose was given a complete thermal decomposition reaction pathways and kinetic parameters. The activation energy of glucose in three stages was respectively 132, 150 and 253 kJ/mol, and pre-exponential factor 11.6, 11.1 and 19.6 s-1, and activation energy of sucrose in two stages was 105 and 229 kJ/mol, and pre-exponential factor 8.2 and 18.6 s-1. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Kinetics on Chlorination Process of La2O3 and CeO2 by Ammonium Chloride SHI Wen-zhong;ZHANG Xin;ZHAO Yong-he;WANG Jing-yan;ZHU Guo-cai    2005, 5 (1): 23-28.   Abstract （2883）      PDF （101KB）（2713）       Knowledge map    Save Using ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) as a chlorinating agent, the effects of chlorinating temperature, time and NH4Cl dosage on chlorination of La2O3 and CeO2, and the thermal decomposition of LaCl3 7H2O and CeCl3 7H2O were examined. The results show that NH4Cl directly participates the chlorination reaction, and HCl from pyrolysis of NH4Cl also contributes to the chlorination reaction. CeCl3 and LaCl3 can cause gas phase hydrosols formation or oxidation reaction which generates LaOCl, CeOCl and CeO2. The apparent activation energies of La2O3 and CeO2 chlorination reactions, Ea, are 43.73 and 140.67 kJ/mol respectively. The process is mainly controlled by the interfacial chemical reaction. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Progress of the Study on Bacillus thuringiensis as Biopesticides ZHU Wei;ZHAO Bing;WANG Xiao-dong;WANG Yu-chun    2004, 4 (3): 282-288.   Abstract （2791）      PDF （93KB）（2532）       Knowledge map    Save Bacillus thuringiensis is one of the most effective and the most widely used microbial insecticides at present. The genetic bacterial strains, the fermentation process and the formulation of Bacillus thuringiensis as biopesticides are reviewed in this paper. The optimization of culture medium, operating conditions and type of fermentors are also addressed. Moreover, the existing problems and suggestions are discussed. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Process Simulation and Techno-economic Analysis on Hydration and Hydrogenation Technology of Acrolein for 1,3-Propanediol Production ZENG Hong FANG Bai-shan QU Yin-di    2013, 13 (4): 626-632.   Abstract （1329）      PDF （274KB）（2467）       Knowledge map    Save Based on laboratory and pilot experiments of hydration and hydrogenation of acrolein for production of 1,3-propanediol (PDO), the Superpro Designer? emluator was applied to simulate the scale-up process for 10000 t/a PDO production, coupling with costing and economic evaluation on the flowsheet. Simulation results show that the process design is reasonable with main process data complying with experimental results. The economic analysis indicates that raw material cost shares 49% of operating cost, equipment purchase cost is about 22.42 million yuan and the total investment is of approximately 150.88 million yuan. The expected returns on investment reach 28.21% as the after-tax profit is about 42.56 million yuan annually. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Biosynthesis of Polyhydroxyalkanoates by Ralstonia eutropha with Short-chain-length Organic Acids YAN Qun; DU Guo-cheng; CHEN Jian    2003, 3 (5): 0-0.   Abstract （3961）      PDF （257KB）（2135）       Knowledge map    Save Separation of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) and methanol (MeOH) is very difficult due to the azeotrope of DMC and MeOH, the pressure swing method is an effective method for separation of DMC and MeOH azeotrope. In this paper, a joint process of high-pressure distillation and atmospheric distillation was investigated. Binary interaction parameters of the UNQUAC model between MeOH and DMC were regressed against experimental data of vapor liquid equilibria of MeOH and DMC, the applicable range of the model is: pressure 0.1~1.5 MPa, temperature 337~440 K. Based on the thermodynamic model, the separation flowsheet, inclnding a high-pressure distillation column and an atmospheric distillation column in series, was simulated and analyzed. Sensitivity of operation factors was discussed and the optimum operation parameters were proposed. The optimal parameters of the high-pressure distillation column were as follows: stage number 40, feed stage 29, reflux ratio 7~10, operation pressure 1.0~1.5 MPa. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Phase Transition and Transition Temperature Hysteresis of VO2 Thin Film HU Zai-yong; XU Chu-shao; YANG Shao-li; CHEN Guang-bi    2003, 3 (5): 0-0.   Abstract （4227）      PDF （49KB）（2062）       Knowledge map    Save The VO2 thin film was prepared by the colloid method with industrial V2O5 as raw material. The properties of the VO2 film such as resistance abrupt drop temperature, phase transotion temperature hysteresis are examined. The results show that the VO2 thin film phase transition temperature is 35oC. Preparation method and substrate show greater effect on resistance abrupt change order, which can reach 2~3 order if common glass or quartz glass were employed in underlay by H2 reduction process, while it can reach 1.5~2 order of magnitude by N2 thermal decomposition. The resistance abrupt change order of magnitude is larger for VO2 film with quartz glass as substrate, the transition temperature hysteresis is 1~6oC, and closely related with the resistance abrupt change order, underlay, substrate and preparation method. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Synthesis of Y2O3:Eu3+ Microrods by Hydrothermal Method and Their Fluorescent Properties SONG Jin-ling SUN Qian LIANG Jia-bao LI Xia CAI Ying ZHANG Yin    2010, 10 (5): 950-955.   Abstract （2065）      PDF （669KB）（1955）       Knowledge map    Save Y2O3 and Y2O3:Eu3+ were synthesized by hydrothermal method, and the factors affecting product crystalline structure examined, such as reaction temperature, reaction time and NaOH solution concentration. The results showed that the reaction conditions for better crystal formation were with the temperature of 180℃, reaction time of 24 h and NaOH concentration of 2 mol/L. Additionally, the influence of the molar ratio of Y3+ to Eu3+ on their fluorescence properties was studied. When the ratio of n(Y3+) to n(Eu3+) was 100 to 5, the fluorescence intensity of Y2O3:Eu3+ exhibited best. TEM analysis showed that the morphology of Y2O3:Eu3+ particles demonstrated mainly microrods with the diameters of 0.2~0.6 μm and lengths of several micrometers. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Pyrolysis of Straw Obtained from Stagewise Treatment YANG Chang-yan;YANG Xue-min;LV Xue-song;YAO Jian-zhong;LIN Wei-gang    2005, 5 (4): 379-383.   Abstract （2756）      PDF （236KB）（1867）       Knowledge map    Save The pyrolysis characteristics of wheat straw with steam-explosion and solid fermentation treatment were investigated by the thermogravimetry coupled with the Fourier infrared spectroscopy to analyze the evolved gasses. The pyrolysis process with the increase of temperature from TG can be divided into four stages, including drying stage (30~150℃), transitional stage (150~200℃), pyrolysis stage (200~600℃), and carbonization stage (600~900℃). The results of pyrolysis from TG-FTIR show that the process can be divided into two steps: (1) splitting of hydroxide radicals, chain scissions and depolymerization, accompanied by evolution of water, acids, aldehydes, compounds containing C?O?C groups and CO, CO2, CH4, etc.; (2) aromatization and formation of graphite layers, accompanied in turn by evolution of CH4, CO2 and CO. The yields of uncondensable gases and carboxyl compounds decrease after steam explosion/solid fermentation treatment, but the yield of pyrolysis liquid increases by the stagewise treatment. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Leaching of a Low-grade Refractory Tantalum–Niobium Ore by KOH Sub-molten Salt ZHOU Hong-ming; ZHENG Shi-li; ZHANG Yi    2003, 3 (5): 0-0.   Abstract （3443）      PDF （197KB）（1846）       Knowledge map    Save Production of lignin peroxidase (LiP) and manganese peroxidase (MnP) in three kinds of reactors (stirred tank reactor, bubble column reactor and aeration reactor) by Phanerochaete chrysosporium was studied. High activity of enzymes, especially for LiP, was obtained in the aeration reactor. The production of enzymes and decoloration of orange I were investigated in semi-continuous culture and continuous culture respectively. High activity of enzymes for a long period of time was detected in the semi-continuous culture, in which five batches of dye wastewater could be decolored to more than 90% and the specific decloration rate of orange I was above 46.7 g/(g×d) when the proportion of replacement was 1/2, while enzymes decayed rapidly and poor decoloration was gained in the continuous culture. The application of semi-continuous culture in the aeration reactor was tried for the decoloration of four batches of printing-wastewater, and the decelerations rate of the first three was all above 90%. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Research Advances in Acidity Characterization of Acid Catalysts Liuyang WANG Guoying ZHAO Baozeng REN Suojiang ZHANG Chin. J. Process Eng.    2017, 17 (6): 1119-1126.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.217148 Abstract （1358）      PDF （446KB）（1836）       Knowledge map    Save Acid catalyst has been widely used and well-studied in chemical process and their catalytic activities are normally dictated by their acidities. Determination of acidity of acid catalyst, such as type, amount (concentration), and strength, are the great significance for achieving desired results of catalytic reactions. In this mini review, the characterization methods for acid type, acid amount, acid strength and their recent progresses were summarized, and the merits and disadvantages of each method were also reviewed with specific focus on the progress of the three characterization methods in acid type, structure and application of the catalysts. It is of great significance to help readers fully understand the mechanism of acid catalysis and select suitable catalysts. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Formate Dehydrogenase and Its Application in Cofactor NADH Regeneration HUANG Zhi-hua;LIU Ming;WANG Bao-guang;ZHANG Yan-ping;CAO Zhu-an    2006, 6 (6): 1011-1016.   Abstract （2021）      PDF （204KB）（1770）       Knowledge map    Save NADH-dependent oxidoreductases are valuable tools for the biological synthesis of fine chemicals and chiral compounds. As the reducing equivalent, cofactor NADH plays a critical role in those reactions. Due to the high cost of the NADH cofactors, in situ NADH regeneration is required for preparative applications. NAD+-dependent formate dehydrogenase (FDH) is an abundant enzyme that plays an important role in energy supply of methylotrophic microorganisms. FDH captures increasing attention in recent years, and is widely used in enzymatic syntheses of chemical compounds as a versatile biocatalyst for NADH regeneration consumed in the main reactions. This review covers the latest developments in cloning genes of FDH from various sources, studies of its catalytic mechanism and physiological role, and its application for NADH regeneration from the following aspects: chemical stability, thermal stability and cost. Future development of FDH used as NADH regeneration platform is also illustrated. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Simulation of Current Distribution in Manganese-Silicon Ferroalloy Smelting Arc Furnace with Coke Layer CHU Shao-jun LI Zhong-si HE Ri-fei    2008, 8 (3): 449-452.   Abstract （3078）      PDF （266KB）（1767）       Knowledge map    Save A simulation device for investigating the behavior of current distribution was designed according to the structure characteristic of coke layer molten pool in manganese-silicon ferroalloy smelting arc furnace and similarity theory. NaCl solution with the specific conductance of 10.08~17.97 mS/cm and coke were used as the electric conduction phase to simulate the behavior of electric conduction in manganese-silicon submerged arc furnace. The current distribution relationship of the total current between coke layer and molten slag layer was measured in the molten pool. The results indicated that the relationships among the depth of coke layer, HC, the granularity of coke, DC, the conductivities of electric conduction phases (both in solid and liquid phases, rC and rL), the ratio of current through the bottom of molten pool Ib to total current It followed the following equation, i.e., Ib/It=4.36(rL/rC)1.523(DC/HC)0.186. When operational resistance of melting layer increased, Ib/It would decrease, which was in accordance with the actual process of manganese-silicon ferroalloy production. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Self-assembly Mechanism and Defect Analysis of Colloidal Silica Photonic Crystals ZHAO Xiao-feng;ZHANG Hui;TANG Qing    2003, 3 (5): 0-0.   Abstract （3228）      PDF （167KB）（1763）       Knowledge map    Save Colloidal silica photonic crystals were prepared by using ethanol as medium. Nanospheres with a mean diameter of 238 nm and standard deviation 5.7% were obtained under strictly controlled conditions by using the improved Stober method. In this method, ethanol was proved a better medium than water and the prepared photonic crystals had fewer defects. The diffraction to incident infrared light obeyed the Bragg equation. The formation mechanism and defect formation of colloidal photonic crystals were also discussed. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Treatment of Coking Wastewater Using the Micro-electrolysis-SBR Activated Sludge Process ZHANG Wen-yi    2003, 3 (5): 0-0.   Abstract （3314）      PDF （286KB）（1752）       Knowledge map    Save Challenges and opportunities to antibiotics are reviewed. Antibiotics, which have greatly enhanced human health, now are facing the issue of drug resistance of pathogen microbes and newly found diseases. However, modern biotechnology, including genomics, proteomics, bioinformatics and bio-macromolecular crystallization, is providing new ideas and methodology for the research and development of new pharmaceuticals. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Adsorption of Methyl Orange on Modified Activated Carbon LIU Jian ZHU Qiu-xiang TAN Xiong-wen YAN Ying ZHANG Hui-ping Chin. J. Process Eng.    2016, 16 (2): 222-227.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.215334 Abstract （1617）      PDF （247KB）（1738）       Knowledge map    Save Activated carbon was modified by hydrochloric acid and aqueous ammonia and used as adsorbent to remove methyl orange (MO) from wastewater. The effects of modification condition, shaking speed and temperature on its adsorption performance of MO were examined. The adsorption data were simulated by both adsorption isotherm and kinetic models, and the adsorption thermodynamics was also analyzed. The results showed that the adsorption capacity of hydrochloric acid modified activated carbon for MO was better than that of ammonia modified one. The adsorption equilibrium was achieved with the removal rate of MO 93.7% within 24 h under the conditions of initial MO concentration of 60 mg/L, solution volume of 50 mL, temperature of 20℃ and shaking speed of 100 r/min. The adsorption data of hydrochloric acid modified activated carbon for MO fitted well to Langmuir (RC2>0.95) and Freundlich (RC2>0.97) adsorption isotherm models, and its saturated adsorption capacity reached up to 112.7 mg/g. Thermodynamic parameters, such as DG0<0, and DH0>0, DS0>0, showed that the adsorption of MO on hydrochloric acid modified activated carbon was a spontaneous and endothermal reaction. The adsorption kinetics could be well described by pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The adsorption rate constant increased with the increase of shaking speed. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Characteristics and Formation Mechanism of Secondary Organic Aerosol BAI Zhi-peng;LI Wei-fang    2008, 8 (1): 202-208.   Abstract （4226）      PDF （237KB）（1726）       Knowledge map    Save The formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) is one of the research focuses in atmospheric chemical process. In urban atmosphere, secondary organic carbon constitutes about 17%~65% of the total particulate organic carbon. Monoterpene and aromatics are the most important natural and anthropogenic precursors of SOA, respectively. The volatile precursors react with atmospheric oxidants such as hydroxyl (×OH), nitrate radical (NO3-) and O3 through multiple reaction pathways, producing semi-volatile secondary organics including diacids, multifunctional carbonyls and nitrate organics, etc. Theses compounds can distribute into particulate phase via adsorption and absorption processes, and will alter the property and environmental effects of ambient aerosols. Organic molecular markers are utilized to apportion the sources of atmospheric ambient aerosols, and organic diacids are potential tracers for SOA. In this article, the advances and problems in SOA research are reviewed, and future research recommendations are presented. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Preparation of Microgel by Crosslinking Partially Quaternized Poly(4-Vinyl Pyridine) MA Guang-hui    2003, 3 (4): 0-0.   Abstract （2468）      PDF （170KB）（1683）       Knowledge map    Save For the conversion of hydrogen chloride to chlorine by catalytic oxidation, the suitable catalyst is supported CuO in which there is 12% of copper. It has high activity and its catalytic activity is kept unchanged after running for 200 h. When the process is divided into two stages, oxidative chlorination and chlorination, it is unnecessary to supply heat to the reaction and the conversion of HCl can achieve 100%. The optimal conditions for the stage of oxidative chlorination are: temperature 360~400oC, molar ratio of HCl to O2 2, weight hourly space velocity of the reactants 0.3~0.4 h–1; for the stage of chlorination, the temperature should be about 200oC. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Progress in Preparation of High-purity Anhydrous Magnesium Chloride ZHOU Huan;YUAN Jian-jun    2004, 4 (3): 276-281.   Abstract （2745）      PDF （57KB）（1681）       Knowledge map    Save Anhydrous magnesium chloride is the raw material of electrolyzed metal magnesium and an important intermediate of some catalyzers or medicines. Anhydrous magnesium chloride may be prepared from materials containing magnesium chloride such as magnesium chloride hydrate, carnallite or bittern by different dehydrating methods of organic solvent distillation or molecular sieve absorption, gas protective heating, discomposing the MgCl2-NH3 complex that can be composed from high boiling-point polar-solvent system, water-ammonia system, low boiling-point mixed-solvent system. On the other hand, anhydrous magnesium chloride may also be prepared by chloridizing magnesium oxide, which converted from magnesite, brucite, or Mg(OH)2, in gaseous medium, or molten salt medium. For several decade innovation, some progress has been made for the anhydrous magnesium chloride preparation. However it still needs more deep study to change the traditional technology from complex process, high cost, serious pollution and grievous eroding, into the green technology with simple process, low cost, non-pollution and non-eroding. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Microrganism Metabolic Engineering in Lactic Acid Production WANG Hai-yan;LIU Ming;WANG Hua-jun;CAO Zhu-an    2006, 6 (3): 512-516.   Abstract （2483）      PDF （209KB）（1681）       Knowledge map    Save Metabolic engineering can regulate the metabolic networks of the microbial cells. It plays an important role in selecting microorganisms and optimizing the process to enhance metabolites production. The progress of the metabolic engineering research in lactic acid production was reviewed. Metabolic pathways in homo-fermentation and hetero-fermentation for lactic acid production were compared. The metabolic model of lactic acid bacteria, the application of lactate dehydrogenase and the production of lactic acid with Rhizopus oryzae fermentation were summarized. The gene regulatory knockout of ethanol metabolic pathway for improving the lactic acid production was introduced. The influences of bioinformatics and stress response on the metabolism of lactic acid were discussed. And the trends in microbial production of lactic acid were also predicted. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Experimental Observation on Cellulosic Biodegradation in Solid State Fermentation ZHOU Xiao-hong; CHEN Hong-zhang; LI Zuo-huo    2003, 3 (5): 0-0.   Abstract （4288）      PDF （132KB）（1676）       Knowledge map    Save Expression of human Pro-urokinase gene in Pichia pastoris and the influence of main variables on the production and expression of Pichia pastoris were investigated. pH in the growth phase was 5.6, pH in the expression phase was 6.0, and the temperature was always 28oC. It is found that there exists clear corresponding between the AOX and Pro-UK production in the fermentation process, and a new procedure by feeding methanol and glycerol alternatively was proved to be effective in improving the enzyme activity of Pro-UK in the fermentation broth. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Cultivation of Dunaliella salina in an Airlift Photobioreactor HAO Jian-xin; CONG Wei; KANG Rui-juan; CAI Zhao-ling    2003, 3 (5): 0-0.   Abstract （4286）      PDF （164KB）（1676）       Knowledge map    Save The separation property of membrane is related to the aperture structure of the membrane. In this paper, the chitosan ultrafiltration (UF) membrane was immersed into a coagulation bath with proper concentration and temperature and its aperture structure was modified. The results showed that the retention rate of chitosan membranes increased by 83.7% after being treated by precipitation. The retention rate, flux and aperture structure of chitosan membranes were affected by temperature of the coagulation bath, concentration of gelating agents and time of immersion precipitation. It is necessary to select appropriate parameters to enhance the separation property of chitosan UF membrane. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Preparation of Mesopore Activated Carbon from Municipal Solid Organic Wastes XIE Li-ping; LIN Wei-gang; YANG Xue-min    2003, 3 (5): 0-0.   Abstract （4140）      PDF （346KB）（1671）       Knowledge map    Save In gaseous products of biomass steam gasification, there exist a lot of CO, CH4 and other hydrocarbons that can be converted to hydrogen through steam reforming reactions. There exists potential hydrogen production from the raw gas of biomass steam gasification. In the present work, the characteristics of hydrogen production from biomass steam gasification were investigated in a small-scale fluidized bed. In these experiments, the gasifying agent (air) was supplied into the reactor from the bottom of the reactor and the steam was added into the reactor above biomass feeding location. The effects of reaction temperature, steam to biomass ratio, equivalence ratio (ER) and biomass particle size on hydrogen yield and hydrogen yield potential were investigated. The experimental results showed that higher reactor temperature, proper ER, proper steam to biomass ratio and smaller biomass particle size will contribute to more hydrogen and potential hydrogen yield. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Knowledge on Particle Swarm: The Important Basis for Multi-scale Numerical Simulation of Multiphase Flows MAO Zai-sha    2008, 8 (4): 645-659.   Abstract （1773）      PDF （563KB）（1666）       Knowledge map    Save Numerical simulation of multiphase flows in processing equipment in process industry with two-fluid model and Eulerian-Lagrangian approach requires the constitutive equations describing the interactions between the dispersed phase of high concentration and the continuous phase. The status of research on the forces on solid and fluid particles and the topics remaining to be tackled are reviewed. As compared with the knowledge on drag of single solid particles, study on particle swarms and on other forces is not sufficient to meet the needs of numerical simulation of multiphase flows. Thus, thorough study on the particle swarms and clusters becomes the key to accurate multi-scale simulation of multiphase flows. Besides, the development of efficient algorithm dealing with the simultaneous non-uniformity on equipment and mesoscopic scales is recognized as an important issue to be resolved. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Research progress of ammonia adsorption materials Junli WANG Shaojuan ZENG Neng CHEN Dawei SHANG Xiangping ZHANG Jianwei LI Chin. J. Process Eng.    2019, 19 (1): 14-24.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.218171 Abstract （2759）      PDF （1034KB）（1662）       Knowledge map    Save Ammonia is a typical toxic pollutant and also one of the main causes of the formation of PM2.5. The emission of industrial tail gases containing a large amount of ammonia not only seriously affects the environment and health of human beings, but also results in serious waste of ammonia sources if directly discharged into the atmosphere. Because of their abundant pore structures and large specific surface areas, good adsorption characteristics and mechanical stability, porous materials have attracted a lot of attention in gas adsorption, especially in ammonia removal. Different porous materials can effectively absorb ammonia through the physical or chemical interaction between ammonia and their special pore structures or action sites. The adsorption method for ammonia removal has the several advantages, such as high selectivity, easy recovery and low energy consumption, so it is widely used in many industrial processes. In this review, the recent research status and progress of ammonia removal using different porous materials were reviewed, mainly focused on the research around the ammonia adsorption performances of zeolite, silica gel, activated carbon, graphene oxide, porous organic polymer, covalent organic frameworks (COFs), metal?organic frameworks (MOFs) materials before and after modification, and the research progress of supported ionic liquids materials for ammonia separation in recent years was also introduced. Ionic liquids, as a class of green medium, have several unique advantages for ammonia removal, such as low vapor pressure, high gas selectivity, high thermal stability, tunable structures and properties. Supported ionic liquids materials can combine the characteristics of both ionic liquids and porous materials, which can break the traditional restriction of ionic liquids in industrial applications and providing a novel pathway for ammonia removal applications. Finally, given the main problems of the current development on ammonia removal and recovery using porous materials, the future research directions and solutions had been put forward. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Review on Facilitated Transport in Fixed Site Carrier Membranes SHI Wei; ZHANG Feng-bao; ZHANG Guo-liang; ZHANG Gang    2003, 3 (5): 0-0.   Abstract （4499）      PDF （236KB）（1655）       Knowledge map    Save Facilitated transport membrane with fixed site carriers is an attractive topic in the separation of gas and liquid mixtures because it is capable of increasing permeability and permselectivity simultaneously. In this paper, the mechanism of facilitated transport in fixed carrier membranes is addressed, the methods of carriers fixation are discussed and the problems to the development of the membrane process are summarized. In addition, the prospect of facilitated transport in fixed carrier membranes is previewed. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Application of Experimental Design to Optimizing the Medium of Nuclease P1 XU Zheng-jun; XIAO Lin-ping;LU Hao;XIE Ning-chang; YING Han-jie    2003, 3 (5): 0-0.   Abstract （4524）      PDF （65KB）（1638）       Knowledge map    Save Experimental design was employed to study the effects of several factors on the production of nuclease P1 by Penicillium citrinum M02, such as carbon source, nitrogen source, phosphor source and corn steep liquor which acted as complementary nitrogen source. The results of two experiments showed that corn steep liquor could remarkably promote the production of nuclease P1. In addition, one model that can describe the fermentation perfectly was gained from these experiments. When nuclease P1 was produced on the optimized medium calculated from this model, its yield was 648.3 U/ml that is comparable with 661 U/ml from the model. And it is improved by 70% compared with the 380 U/ml, which was gained on the original medium at the same time. The possible reason for corn steep liquor promoting nuclease P1 fermentation is that corn steep liquor contains more useful amino acids such as glycin, alanine, serine and so on. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Review of the Development of Fine Bubble Technology in China Zhaojun LI Hao DU Chin. J. Process Eng.    2017, 17 (4): 655-663.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.216346 Abstract （1532）      PDF （622KB）（1628）       Knowledge map    Save A Fine bubble technology has been widely developed at home and abroad since fine bubbles have excellent properties, i.e. large specific surface area, stable, high ? potential, free radical generation, intensifying transport efficiency, and etc. In China, it had been used in film industry, medical treatment, floatation column, waste water treatment, oil industry and metallurgical industry. But compared with developed countries, the fine bubble technology is not systematically developed in China and the research and manufacture of fine bubble generator are still the key shortness. It is reviewed that the development of fine bubble technology in China and suggested that some organizations be setup to promote its development. Also, a simple introduction of international fine bubble technology and their standardization was given. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Numerical Simulation on the Temperature Field and Film Heat Transfer Coefficient of Thin Film Evaporator HE Xiao-hua;LI Jia;LU Xiao-hua    2005, 5 (4): 364-369.   Abstract （2673）      PDF （218KB）（1616）       Knowledge map    Save The heat transfer calculation model of water and viscous fluid in a thin film evaporator was developed using CFD software CFX4.4. The mean temperature distributions along axial and film thickness directions were obtained, and the film heat transfer coefficient a under different conditions was calculated. The results show that feeding rate and rotor speed have great influence on the film temperature distribution and the film heat transfer coefficient. There is one common optimum feeding rate under different operation conditions for different fluids. At this feeding rate, the mean velocity in fillet section reaches the maximum value and so does the film heat transfer coefficient a. For water, both the ratio of flow boundary layer thickness to film thickness and that of temperature boundary layer thickness to film thickness reach the minimum value under high rotor speed or the optimum feeding rate. There exists an inherent relation between the flow boundary layer and temperature boundary layer, and the film temperature distribution and heat transfer coefficient are affected seriously by the thickness of transfer boundary layers. For viscous fluid, no obvious temperature boundary layer forms under the parameter range considered in this work． Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Research Progress of Production of Metallic Titanium WANG Zhi;YUAN Zhang-fu;GUO Zhan-cheng    2004, 4 (1): 90-96.   Abstract （2892）      PDF （194KB）（1612）       Knowledge map    Save The principles and general situations of the traditional processes for producing metallic titanium, e.g., the Kroll, Hunter and molten electrolysis processes, are summarized and the new processes based on the formers, i.e., the EMR, Armstrong and FFC Cambridge processes are introduced, in addition, their mechanisms and characteristics are also analyzed. It is pointed out that the development trend for lowering titanium production cost is to convert the existing periodic processes for titanium sponge to continuous process for titanium powder or its alloy. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Plasmid Stability in High Cell Density Cultures of E.coli HB101(pBR322) YU Guo-ce; JIAO Rui-shen; WANG Ji-cheng; WANG Shu-qing    2001, 1 (2): 0-0.   Abstract （3112）      PDF （142KB）（1571）       Knowledge map    Save Plasmid stability and the activity of b-lactamase were examined in the factorial fed-batch cultures of E.coli HB101(pBR322) in a fermentor. No loss of plasmid pBR322 was observed when temperature shifted from 33 oC to 39 oC, pH from 6.4 to 7.2, dissolved oxygen (DO) from 40% to 80%, the feed rate from 5.4 g/h to 10.8 g/h under the condition of density up to 27.3 g/L and the specific growth rate up to 0.73 h-1. The specific activity of b-lactamase, however, decreased in high cell density cultures. Related Articles | Metrics