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过程工程学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (7): 954-962.DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.221274

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

废钢在气体搅拌容器中运动融化的水模型实验

杨荣旺,陈超*,林尧铖,赵宇,赵健,朱江俊,杨士舜   

  1. 太原理工大学材料科学与工程学院，山西 太原 030024
  • 收稿日期:2021-08-25 修回日期:2021-10-09 出版日期:2022-07-28 发布日期:2022-08-02
  • 通讯作者: 陈超 chenchao@tyut.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目;山西省科技重大专项;山西省应用基础研究计划青年基金

Water model experiment on motion and melting of scarp in gas stirred reactors

Rongwang YANG,  Chao CHEN*,  Yaocheng LIN,  Yu ZHAO,  Jian ZHAO,  Jiangjun ZHU,   Shishun YANG   

  1. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, China
  • Received:2021-08-25 Revised:2021-10-09 Online:2022-07-28 Published:2022-08-02
  • Contact: Chao CHEN chenchao@tyut.edu.cn

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摘要： 由于经济原因，在炼钢过程如转炉和精炼钢包中，废钢的用量有所增加。废钢在上述反应器中的熔化机理仍然不明确。水模型研究可以直观地模拟废钢的运动和熔化过程。通过水模型实验，以冰球和饱和KCl溶液制成的盐球分别模拟轻、重废钢，研究其在类转炉及钢包中的运动过程和融化规律。结果表明，在本实验中，冷冻时长超过18 h后，冰样的融化时间受影响较小。冰球和盐球融化过程呈球形或椭球形，且其直径随时间呈线性减小。随着熔池温度的提高，冰样融化加快。不同的液面高度及吹气流量会形成不同特征的流场，使冰球与盐球呈现不同的运动规律。冰球的融化时间随液面高度增加而降低，盐球呈先大幅度降低再小幅度增加的趋势。在本研究的吹气流量下，液面高度和直径比为0.94时，盐球的融化时间同比最低。在液面高度较低时(高度与直径比为0.42~0.73)，在羽流区上方加入盐球会显著降低融化时间；液面高度较高时(高度与直径比为0.83~1.04)，加入位置对融化时间无显著影响。

关键词: 废钢, 运动, 融化, 水模型, 冰

Abstract: Due to economic reasons, great efforts have been made to increase the scrap usage in basic oxygen furnaces (BOF) and in secondary refining ladles. The mechanism of melting of scrap in above mentioned reactors is not clear. Water models can be used to simulate the motion and melting process of scraps. In this study, the ice sphere and ice sphere made by saturated KCl solution, which can simulate the light and heavy scraps, are used in water mode experiment to study the motion process and melting mechanism in BOF-like vessels and ladles. The results show that the melting time of ice samples are not affected by freezing time when the freezing time is longer than 18 hours. The shape of ice sphere and ice sphere made by saturated KCl solution during melting is spherical or ellipsoidal. The diameter of both sphere decreases linearly with time. With the increase of bath temperature, the melting of both ice samples accelerates. Furthermore, the mechanism of motion of ice sphere and ice sphere made by saturated KCl solution is significantly different due to the flow field difference with respect to the variance of liquid level and gas flowrate. Specifically, the melting time of ice sphere decreases with the increase of liquid level, while the melting time of ice sphere made by saturated KCl solution decreases dramatically first and then increases slightly. The melting time of the ice sphere made by saturated KCl solution is the lowest at the position where the ratio of liquid level to the diameter of the reactor is 0.94. In addition, adding ice sphere made by saturated KCl solution above the gas plume will significantly reduce the melting time when the liquid level is low (the ratio of liquid level to the diameter is 0.42~0.73). However, the addition position will not change the melting time when the liquid level is high (the ratio of liquid level to the diameter is 0.83~1.04).

Key words: scrap, motion, melting, water model, ice