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过程工程学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (10): 1381-1389.DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.222336

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

复杂氧化铜矿浮选活化剂研究进展

汪浩翔1,2,3， 申培伦1,2,3*， 蔡锦鹏1,2,3， 贾晓东1,2,3， 彭蓉1,2,3， 刘殿文1,2,3   

  1. 1. 昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院，云南 昆明 650093 2. 昆明理工大学，云南省战略金属矿产资源绿色分离与富集重点实验室，云南 昆明 650093 3. 昆明理工大学，复杂有色金属资源清洁利用国家重点实验室，云南 昆明 650093
  • 收稿日期:2022-09-12 修回日期:2023-03-08 出版日期:2023-10-28 发布日期:2023-10-30
  • 通讯作者: 申培伦 546217044@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    硅孔雀石共轭活化浮选及其表面晶相调控机制研究;复杂铜基固废绿色分离与综合利用关键技术;氧化铜矿共轭活化浮选及其表面晶相调控机理研究;硅孔雀石壳层活化浮选及其表面晶体生长取向调控机制

Research progress of flotation activator for complex copper oxide minerals

Haoxiang WANG1,2,3,  Peilun SHEN1,2,3*,  Jinpeng CAI1,2,3,  Xiaodong JIA1,2,3, Rong PENG1,2,3,  Dianwen LIU1,2,3   

  1. 1. Faculty of Land and Resources Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650093, China 2. Yunnan Key Laboratory of Green Separation and Enrichment of Strategic Mineral Resources, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650093, China 3. State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650093, China
  • Received:2022-09-12 Revised:2023-03-08 Online:2023-10-28 Published:2023-10-30

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摘要： 铜因其优异的物理化学性能而在工业中得到广泛应用。目前，随着硫化铜资源的枯竭，氧化铜资源的开发利用逐渐成为研究的重点。氧化铜矿作为铜金属的最主要来源之一，其有效回收的关键是活化过程。然而由于易选铜矿物的逐渐减少，且现存氧化铜矿资源呈现出氧化率高、矿物组成复杂、易泥化等特点，致使选别过程较为困难。经典的硫化-黄药浮选法无法满足目前复杂氧化铜矿资源的选别要求。此外，活化剂作用于矿物表面的机理以及对活化产物晶体结构的解释不明确，在一定程度上制约了氧化铜矿分离理论和方法的发展。近年来，针对复杂难选的氧化铜资源，多种新型活化剂或者组合活化剂已见诸报端，在一定程度上解决了复杂氧化铜矿难选的问题。本工作通过梳理近年来氧化铜矿活化剂发展脉络，重点综述了新型活化剂以及新型活化方法的应用及活化机理，旨在丰富氧化铜矿高效浮选理论体系，为生产实践提供参考。

关键词: 氧化铜矿, 浮选, 活化剂, 表面特性, 作用机理

Abstract: Copper is widely used in industry because of its excellent physical and chemical properties.At present, with the depletion of copper sulfide resources, the development and utilization of copper oxide resources has gradually become the focus of research. As an important source of copper metal extraction, the key to efficient recovery of copper oxide ore is the activation process. However, the existing copper oxide resources have the characteristics of high oxidation rate, complex mineral composition and easy sludge, which makes the beneficiation more difficult. The classical sulfidization-xanthate flotation method can't meet the current requirements of complex copper oxide ore resource separation. In addition, the mechanism of activator acting on mineral surface and the unclear explanation of crystal structure of activated products restrict the development of the theory and method of copper oxide ore separation to some extent. In recent years, a variety of new activators or combination activators have been reported in reference for the complex and difficult-to-beneficiated copper oxide resources. Scholars have made a deeper research and elaboration on the activation mechanism of copper oxide ore based on the existing activation theory, and put forward a variety of effective and practical new theories and methods, which have solved the problem of complex copper oxide ore beneficiation to some extent. In this review, by combing the development of activator for copper oxide ore in recent years, the application and activation mechanism of new activator and new activation method are summarized, aiming at enriching the theoretical system of efficient flotation of copper oxide ore and providing reference for production practice.

Key words: copper oxide ore, flotation, activator, surface properties, mechanism