关键词: 退役晶硅光伏组件, 有价金属回收, 机械处理, 热处理, 化学处理, 资源化技术

Abstract: The accelerated global transition toward renewable energy structures has precipitated a surge in photovoltaic module installations, intensifying environmental governance pressures associated with decommissioned crystalline silicon modules. This paper systematically examines resource recovery technology systems and policy pathways for end-of-life crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules, with a focused emphasis on the efficient reclamation of valuable metals and the construction of circular economy models. By analyzing the energy efficiency of three main recycling technologies - mechanical, thermal, and chemical treatment, the study reveals their economic and technical limits. Mechanical processes, like high - voltage pulse crushing, can concentrate metals, but their efficiency is constrained by material separation rates. Thermal treatment (400–600℃) can recover high - purity materials (glass purity>98.5%), but it's energy - intensive and poses challenges for managing fluorine - containing waste gases. Chemical methods, such as toluene - based solvent systems, are great for recycling silicon wafers with high purity (>99%), but they risk secondary pollution and high costs. The study also explores the recovery of valuable metals from end-of-life crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules, outlining the challenges and prospects in this area.

Key words: retired crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules, recovery of valuable metals, mechanical treatment, thermal treatment, Chemical treatment, tesource recovery technology