Abstract: Equation of reaction kinetics was established after investigating the esterification kinetics of acetic acid and glycerin by catalysis of zirconium-loaded sulfuric acid. The effects of reaction temperature, amount of catalyst, reaction time and molar ratio of reaction materials were also studied, the activation energy of reaction E was determined as 113.245 kJ/mol in the temperatures from 100 to 130℃. The optimum conditions were obtained: reaction time 10 h, amount of catalyst for the quality of glycerin 5%(w), molar ratio of glycerin to acetic acid 1:8, under which the yield of glycerol triacetate reached 93.8%.

Key words: solid super-acid, sulfur zirconium, glycerol triacetate, catalysis synthesis

摘要： 研究了甘油和乙酸以氧化锆负载硫酸为催化剂合成三醋酸甘油酯的反应动力学，建立了酯化反应动力学方程. 考察了温度、催化剂用量、反应时间以及反应原料摩尔配比对反应速率的影响. 实验结果表明，反应时间10 h，催化剂用量为甘油的5%(w)，甘油/乙酸=1:8(摩尔比)的条件下，三醋酸甘油酯的收率达93.8%. 100~130℃时，反应活化能为113.245 kJ/mol.

关键词: 固体超强酸, 硫锆, 三醋酸甘油酯, 催化合成