Abstract: The effects of mechanical activation on alkaline leaching and physicochemical properties of zinc oxide ore from Lanping, Yunnan were studied using a combination of scanning electron microscope analysis, particle size distribution, thermogravimetry and X-ray diffraction. The results demonstrated that when the solution was NH4Cl 2.0 mol/L, NH3×H2O 1 mol/L, the temperature 30℃, and the ratio of ammonia-ammonium chloride solution volume to the ore mass 10 L/g, the zinc leaching rate of 90 min milled sample after leaching for 90 min was 69.36%, while the unmilled sample was just 60.08%. Besides, leaching after milling had a more promising effect than the mechano-chemical leaching mode. Meanwhile, different milling times and modes could lead to different morphologies, particle size distributions, thermal behaviors, crystallite sizes and lattice strains. In addition, the phase transference during the activation modes was different, which caused different zinc leaching rates in the alkaline solution.

Key words: zinc oxide ore, mechanical activation, ammonia-ammonium chloride leaching, mechanical reaction

摘要： 研究了不同活化时间、活化方式对云南兰坪低品位氧化锌矿碱法浸出的影响. 结果表明，当浸出液NH4Cl浓度2.0 mol/L、NH3×H2O浓度1 mol/L、温度30℃、浸出液与浸出矿样液固比为10 L/g时，未活化矿样浸出90 min浸出率仅为60.08%，而活化90 min矿样浸出90 min的浸出率为69.36%，为可浸出含锌物相的103.97%；先磨后浸的强化效果优于边磨边浸. 不同活化时间、活化方式不仅造成矿物的形貌、粒度分布不同，而且使矿样在球磨过程中的物相转化存在差异：活化与浸出步骤分离时，球磨过程发生了机械化学反应，矿样中ZnS被氧化成利于浸出的物相，从而比两步骤合并的浸出效果好.

关键词: 氧化锌矿, 机械活化, 氨水-氯化铵浸出, 机械化学反应