Abstract: The comparison of conventional and ultrasound-assisted removing of chlorine from aluminum dross was carried out, and the mechanism of ultrasonic enhancement was studied by taking the aluminum dross from an aluminum manufacturer as the research object. The results showed that the best conditions for chlorine removing were as follows: pH of 4, liquid?solid mass ratio of 2, ultrasound power of 150 W and sonication time of 1 h. Under ultrasonic activation, product layer can be peeled, new surfaces was expose, reaction resistance was reduced, the liquid?solid reaction was promoted, leaching rate was improved and leaching time was greatly shortened. The aluminum dross after chlorine removed can be used as raw materials back to the electrolysis. Ammonia and NaCl products could be obtained by collecting ammonia with water and evapo`ration and concentration of leaching liquid, respectively. Aluminum dross was comprehensivly utilized.

Key words: ultrasound, aluminum dross, leaching, mechanism

摘要： 以某铝厂的铝灰为研究对象，进行了常规和超声波强化脱除铝灰中氯的对比，并对强化机理进行了研究. 结果表明，超声波强化除氯的最佳条件为pH 4、浸出时间1 h、浸出液固质量比2、超声波功率150 W. 超声波的强化活化作用下，可剥离固体产物层，使反应界面不断更新，减少反应阻力，促进液固反应进行，从而提高浸出率，缩短浸出时间. 除氯后的铝灰可作为原料返回电解，通过收集氨气得到氨水产品，浸出液蒸发浓缩得NaCl产品，实现综合利用.

关键词: 超声波, 铝灰, 浸出, 机理