Abstract: To quantitatively describe the pore structure of obtained graphite/metal porous materials and study the influence of pore structure on impregnating process, the causes of unimpregnated hole were analyzed based on the formation mechanism of the graphite porous materials, and the pore structure was studied using fractal theory. The results show that micro-pore structure of the graphite/metal porous materials has typical fractal characteristics. The fractal dimension of matrix ranges from 1.80 to 1.85, the fractal dimension of pores from 1.55 to 1.65, the fractal dimension of impregnated metal from 1.50 to 1.55, and the fractal dimension of unimpregnated area from 1.42 to 1.60. The fractal dimensions indicate the heterogeneity of the micro-pore structure and the porosity shows similar changes to the fractal dimension using the mercury injection test. Consequently, the fractal dimensions can be used to characterize the porosity of graphite/metal porous materials.

Key words: porous material, micropore structure, fractal theory, fractal dimension

摘要： 为定量描述石墨基浸渍金属材料的孔隙结构特征并研究其对浸渍过程的影响规律，在石墨基多孔材料孔隙形成机理研究的基础上，分析形成浸不透孔洞的原因，并运用分形理论对孔隙结构特征进行了描述. 研究表明，石墨基浸渍金属多孔材料的孔隙结构具有典型的分形特征，其基体、孔隙、浸渍金属分形维数分别为1.80~1.85, 1.55~1.65, 1.50~1.55，未浸渍区域的分形维数为1.42~1.60，孔隙率为17.25%~24.85%. 分形维数反映了孔隙结构的非均质性，与采用压汞实验获得的孔隙率变化规律有较好的一致性，证明可用分形维数表征石墨基浸金属材料的孔隙率.

关键词: 多孔材料, 孔隙结构, 分形理论, 分形维数