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    28 March 2023, Volume 23 Issue 3
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    Contents
    Cover and Contents
    The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering. 2023, 23(3):  0. 
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    Process Reengineering for the Goals of Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality
    Resource recycling and low-carbon process reengineering in coal-based industry
    Wenjiao XU Huaigang CHENG Fangqin CHENG
    The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering. 2023, 23(3):  323-336.  DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.222158
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    Facing the strategic goals of carbon neutrality and carbon peaking, based on the energy economic structure of coal-rich industrial areas, challenges faced by resource recycling in coal-based industries and low-carbon environmental ecology are discussed. First of all, based on the route of industrial ecology and circular economy, some suggestions are put forward for the development of coal-based industries such as chemical engineering and coal power. Specifically, it includes the reduction of overcapacity and the reduction of land and space planning, the reduction of emissions from process industry reengineering, and the construction of zero-carbon technology parks. Then, the specific measures for the recycling of coal-based waste resources are introduced, including the advanced treatment and reuse of coking wastewater, the materialization/energy utilization of solid waste, and the comprehensive utilization of low-grade resources. Finally, various ways of carbon dioxide emission reduction and resource utilization are summarized, focusing on the mineralization and fixation of carbon dioxide and green transformation, while realizing the green transformation and development of the coal-based industry, ultra-low-carbon emissions might be controlled.
    Electrodialysis of ion exchange membranes for the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality targets process: opportunities and challenges
    Huangying WANG Junying YAN Chenxiao JIANG Binglun CHEN Yaoming WANG Tongwen XU
    The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering. 2023, 23(3):  337-349.  DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.222150
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    The increasing greenhouse effect and the massive discharge of high-salt wastewater have put a great burden on the environment. The carbon peaking and carbon neutrality policies require the formation of a green production lifestyle and the strengthening of comprehensive utilization of resources, which has a positive guiding effect on achieving carbon emission reduction. The choice of recycling high-salt wastewater and the development of efficient carbon capture technologies can greatly enhance the carbon emission reduction process. Ion exchange membrane electrodialysis can realize the concentration, desalination and separation of high salt wastewater due to its unique separation characteristics. In order to reduce the greenhouse effect, the combination of desalination, recycling of high-salt wastewater and efficient capture of carbon dioxide could be implied to reduce concentration of carbon dioxide, further achieving the goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality and zero discharge of wastewater. Therefore, six types of electrodialysis technologies based on ion membrane electrodialysis including conventional electrodialysis, bipolar membrane electrodialysis, reverse electrodialysis, electrodialysis metathesis, selective electrodialysis, and shock electrodialysis were introduced as well as their application progress in carbon capture and conversion and wastewater resource recovery were reviewed in this work. In the meantime, the application prospects of the new ion exchange membrane electrodialysis technologies in the treatment of high salt wastewater were prospected, and the limitations and challenges of the new ion exchange membrane electrodialysis technologies in the aspects of reducing carbon emission were pointed out. Finally, new ideas for the new electrodialysis technologies to achieve carbon emission reduction were provided.
    Low-carbon and high-efficiency ammonia synthesis process from blast furnace gas/converter gas
    Fujian LIU Yong ZHENG Yanning CAO Lilong JIANG
    The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering. 2023, 23(3):  350-358.  DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.222289
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    As a major steel producer, the annual output of steel in China has reached 1.03 billion tons, ranking the highest amount over the world. Blast furnace gas/converter gas is the by-products of the blast furnace ironmaking industry, and its annual output is as high as ~1.8 trillion m3. Therefore, the realizing the clean and efficient utilization of blast furnace gas/converter gas is a major demand for the sustainable development. At present, the integrated utilization of blast furnace gas and converter gas by iron and steel companies mainly includes: one part is directly used as fuel for boilers, hot blast stoves, heating furnaces, etc.; The other part is to use the residual pressure of blast furnace gas to generate electricity, and then use the blast furnace gas as fuel for boilers, hot blast furnaces, and heating furnaces. With the continuous improvement of energy structure and environmental protection requirements in China, the integrated utilization of blast furnace gas/converter gas, purification and proportioning according to the raw material process requirements of industrial synthetic ammonia to produce green hydrogen, which is used as the raw feedstocks for synthetic ammonia. It can not only meet the demand of regional economic development for green synthetic ammonia production, but also realize the reorganization of blast furnace gas/converter gas resources. As a result, the new technique promotes the green development of the regional economy, which meets the current national requirements for energy saving and emission reduction for ammonia synthesis and the steel industry. Based on this, this review systematically analyzes and forecasts the low-carbon and high-efficiency ammonia synthesis process from blast furnace gas/converter gas and demonstrates the advantages of the developed technique.
    Research advances of slurry bubble column for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis of indirect coal liquefaction technology
    Li ZHANG Yong YANG Junhu GAO Yu ZHANG Lili ZHANG Chao YANG Yongwang LI
    The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering. 2023, 23(3):  359-374.  DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.222151
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    Coal-to-liquid (CTL) is one of the most promising way to efficiently convert coal into fuels and chemicals promoting the clean and efficient utilization of coal resources. With the successful application of indirect coal liquefaction technology in million-ton commercial demonstration plants, the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis slurry bubble column as its core equipment involves gas-liquid-solid three-phase turbulent flow, heat/mass transfer and reaction that change with the enlargement of the reactor diameter and the structural layout of internals, which in turn affects multiple complex processes of reactor performance, resulting in huge challenges in reactor design, scale-up and operation optimization due to lack of information on hydrodynamics with internals over a wide range of operating conditions of commercial interest. Scientific research and industry still continue to pay attention to it. This work gives a state-of-the-art review of the recent studies on the slurry bubble column for gas-to-liquid Fisher-Tropsch processes. It analyzes the main factors affecting the hydrodynamic performance of slurry bubble column, summaries the research on flow pattern, gas holdup, bubble behavior, and heat transfer, introduces the structural characteristics and development of the internals such as gas distributor, internal filtration, and heat exchanger. The effects of various operating variables, including pressure, temperature, gas velocity, catalyst concentration, and reactor geometry on the hydrodynamic and transport parameters as well as the performance of slurry bubble column are discussed. Unfortunately, little effort has been put on reviewing the experiments and simulations for examining the effect of internals on the performance and hydrodynamics of slurry bubble column for Fischer-Tropsch and significant efforts are still required. The research progresses from basic research to engineering technology of slurry bubble column in coal indirect liquefaction process are reviewed. Perspectives are given on the potential application and future research of slurry bubble column. Process intensification technology using internals to improve the performance and computational fluid dynamics will be the development direction in the future.
    CO2 methanation: recent advances in catalyst development and reaction mechanistic study
    Junbo TIAN Fangna GU Fabing SU Zhanguo ZHANG Guangwen XU
    The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering. 2023, 23(3):  375-395.  DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.222027
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    Choosing a suitable approach for CO2 utilization is crucial to achieving carbon neutrality and carbon peak goals as early as possible. Synthesis of synthetic natural gas (SNG) by methanation of CO2 using hydrogen produced from renewable energy is widely regarded as an efficient and promising carbon capture and utilization technology, which is expected to realize carbon recycling. Considering the importance of CO2 methanation, we provide a systematic review of the latest studies. Firstly, the effect of different reaction conditions on CO2 methanation is introduced from the perspective of thermodynamics. Secondly, the research progress of CO2 methanation catalysts is reviewed from four aspects: active metal, support, preparation method, and assistive technology. In detail, the active components are classified into cheap metal-based (Ni, Fe, Co, and Mo) and noble metal-based (Ru, Rh, Pt, and Pd) materials, and the supports are divided into the conventional oxides (Al2O3, SiO2, TiO2, ZrO2, and CeO2) and the supports with novel structures (e.g., metal-organic frameworks and carbon-based materials), which are all discussed and evaluated in depth. The preparation methods of catalyst are classified as the conventional ones (such as impregnation, coprecipitation, hydrothermal, sol-gel, and solid-phase synthesis) and unconventional ones. The latter includes three technologies such as ultrasound, microwave, and plasma, which can speed up the synthesis and reaction process and facilitate the high dispersion of the active components on the supports. Subsequently, two reaction mechanisms in CO2 methanation (the formate and CO pathways) are discussed. The specific reaction pathway for CO2 methanation is related to the properties of the catalyst surface (e.g., hydroxyl abundance, adsorbed O2- sites) and the reaction conditions (e.g., reaction temperature and pressure). Finally, current research challenges are put forward, and the prospects for future research in this area are made.
    Aluminum electrodeposition and refining in ionic liquids
    Xiaoqing YANG Yong ZHENG Qian WANG Qian YANG Yu LI Tao LI Baozeng REN
    The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering. 2023, 23(3):  396-410.  DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.222141
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    In 2020, China has already committed to peak carbon dioxide emissions before 2030 and achieves carbon neutrality before 2060. Due to the high energy consumption and carbon emission of the traditional Hall-héroult method of the aluminum electrolysis process, China strictly adheres to the production ceiling of 45 million tons of aluminum and actively develops the recycling technology of aluminum, reaching the output of the recycled aluminum up to 11.5 million tons by 2025 from 6.9 million in 2020. At present, both electrolysis and refining of aluminum are processed at high temperature. Thus, the developments of energy saving processes are required. Electrodeposition of aluminum in ionic liquids can proceed at the temperature below 100℃, which is expected to develop into a novel green technique due to its less energy consumption and no emission of carbon dioxide or other pollutants. In this review, the ionic liquids used for aluminum electrodeposition are classified according to the structure of cations, and the related research progress is reviewed respectively. In addition, the application of different anodes with aluminum as main component in electrolytic refining of aluminum in ionic liquids is also summarized. Finally, the characteristics of ionic liquid electrolyte for aluminum electrodeposition are concluded and some existing problems are pointed out.
    Reengineering of pharmaceutical process of traditional Chinese medicine with integrated membrane processes
    Liwei GUO Yongxiang WANG Wenwei ZHONG Peng LI Wenbo PENG Haoran ZENG
    The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering. 2023, 23(3):  411-420.  DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.222079
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    The pharmaceutical process of traditional Chinese medicine is an energy-material intensive process, particularly with the requirement of large input of water resource and heat source. Under carbon peaking and carbon neutrality policy, the pharmaceutical industry of traditional Chinese medicine involving processes such as refinement, concentration, enrichment of aromatic compounds, solvent recovery, etc., facing unprecedented challenges. As the nation's strategic emerging technology, membrane technology can offer great potential in the manufacturing of traditional Chinese medicine. The integrated process of membrane technologies shows decent competency with the existing manufacturing procedures and steps for traditional Chinese medicine. This review intends to introduce the concept and categories of different specialized membranes particularly fabricated for the application in traditional Chinese medicine green manufacturing for various purposes. This work also reviews the potential, challenges and scientific problems regarding the reengineering of traditional Chinese medicine manufacturing process using integrated membrane processes under the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality policy. Particularly, an algorithm is developed to estimate energy consumption for membrane concentration technology using the key characteristics of the herbal extract solution, which can facilitate the energy comparison between conventional thermal evaporation and the integrated processes of both thermal and membrane concentration technology. This can be used for the process design and optimization of the pharmaceutical manufacturing of traditional Chinese medicine with minimum energy input. The concept of carbon neutral life cycle for traditional Chinese medicine manufacturing is introduced. This work also outlined the perspectives of integrated membrane processes in the eco-industrial park of traditional Chinese medicine manufacturing.
    Research Paper
    Analysis and improvement of filtration performance of filter element for compressor lubricating oil mist
    Yunde ZHANG Long WANG Yalong HOU Weibing AN Bin CHANG Feng CHEN
    The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering. 2023, 23(3):  421-429.  DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.222392
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    The filtration performance of the filter element was compared by using the performance evaluation devices for high-pressure condition in the field and atmospheric pressure in the laboratory. The influences of the physical properties of liquid and the concentration of oil mist on the filter element's filtration performance were analyzed. An improvement method of the filter element was proposed and the improving effect was verified. The results showed that the filtration efficiency of filter element under high pressure was slightly lower than that under atmospheric pressure due to the change of gas-liquid interaction, but the change rule of filtration performance under atmospheric pressure could reflect the actual operation performance on-site. Compared with the gas flowrate, the liquid viscosity had a greater impact on the filtration efficiency of the medium efficiency filter element, and the pressure drop of filter element significantly increased only during filtration for liquid with high viscosity. The effect of oil mist concentration on the pressure drop of such filter element was controlled by the liquid viscosity. The pressure drop increased with the increase of oil mist concentration at high viscosity, but did not change at low viscosity. Due to the influence of flowrate on droplet capture by diffusion effect, the filter efficiency for high viscosity liquid increased with the decrease of oil mist concentration at low flowrate. By adjusting the composition and layout of the filter material inside the filter element, it could achieve efficient capture of small droplets, and the filtration efficiency for dioctyl sebacate droplets was at least 50% higher than that of the original filter element. The research results are of great significance to guide the improvement of filter element performance and understanding of mechanism in the process of natural gas storage and transportation.
    Numerical simulation study on structural characteristics and filtration performance of glass fiber filter media
    Tianle YOU Zhengyuan PAN Lili LU Min TANG Yun LIANG
    The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering. 2023, 23(3):  430-437.  DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.222064
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    The filter media with high efficiency, low resistance and long life, is attracting more and more attention in the environmental research. To boost the efficiency of developing fiber filter media, simulation research on its structure design and filtration performance is needed, as the traditional methods based on a large amount of experiments are time-consuming. Previous researches of fiber filter media model were mainly focused on the micron scale and rarely involved at the submicron scale. Based on the actual multi-dispersed submicron glass fiber and glass fiber filter media, this work established a three-dimensional model closer to the actual filter media structure from the characterization of glass fibers, the fabrication of filter media and its given structural parameters. By comprehensively comparing the simulation results with the actual performance of the filter media made by wet-laid process, the model's applicability to predict the performance of glass fiber filter media was thoroughly investigated. The experimental results showed: the average pore size of the filter model aligned with the actual experimental results; the calculated filtration resistance and filtration efficiency were closer to the experimental measurement results than those of the empirical model; the error in filtration efficiency was less than 1% (the simulated results of three filter media were 61%, 99.6% and 100% respectively, against the measured results of 60.5%, 99.1% and 99.96% of their actual samples). The structure model of the filter media and the mathematical model of the calculation performance have a wide range of application in the performance simulation study of the glass fiber filter media, which will provide a more specific and effective solution for the modeling and performance simulation study of the high-performance glass fiber filter media as well as efficiently accelerating the filter development.
    Numerical simulation of low nitrogen combustion in blast gas stove
    Shunsheng XU Donggang YU Chengyuan JU Jing WANG Weiling RAN
    The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering. 2023, 23(3):  438-450.  DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.222047
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    The problem of air pollution is becoming increasely serious, and it brings more and more problems to people's health. As one of the main sources of pollutants, choosing appropriate structure and operating parameters to reduce the pollutant emission of burner has become the research focus of many researchers. The combustion efficiency and emission of the burner are often determined by many factors. However, the existing studies mostly adopt local analysis, which only consider the impact of a single factor on the combustion efficiency and pollutant emission, and do not consider the impact of the correlation of various factors on the combustion performance of the burner. Due to the high cost of experiments, the optimization of multiple design parameters to improve the combustion performance of burner is still lack of systematic research. Taking a blast gas stove at 35 kW as the case study, the staged combustion model of the air flow inside the combustion chamber established is implemented by FLUENT to analyze the effects of different parameters and the model is verified by experimental data. In order to reduce the emission concentration of NOX and CO in the combustion chamber, a cyclone is installed on the original blast gas stove, and the combustion chamber height, air coefficient, the volume ratio of primary air to secondary air and the incident angle of secondary air are analyzed by numerical simulation, and the orthogonal experimental analysis is carried out finally. The results show that compared to the original parameters, the NOX concentration and the CO concentration discharged under the optimal situation decreased by 19.4 and 590 mg/m3, respectively. The study plays a role in the parameter optimization of the methane burner for reducing NOX and CO emission. It provides guidance for the design of low pollution combustion emission of burner.
    Effect of trace magnesium on mechanical properties of Incoloy825 corrosion resistant alloy
    Qiuhan LI Wei GONG Zhouhua JIANG Pengfei WANG
    The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering. 2023, 23(3):  451-459.  DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.222126
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    As a corrosion-resistant alloy, Incoloy825 alloy is used in marine engineering, LPG, and other industries. Due to the harsh environment of such industries, it is necessary not only for the material to have excellent corrosion resistance, but also to have high mechanical properties. In this work, 4 furnaces of Incoloy825 alloy with Mg content of 0wt%, 0.0012wt%, 0.0030wt%, and 0.0065wt% were smelted in a 25 kg vacuum induction furnace. Utilizing a metallographic microscope, scanning electron microscope, and energy dispersive spectrometer, the size and quantity of non-metallic inclusions were counted, the morphology and composition were observed and analyzed, and the microstructure and carbide were observed. Room temperature tensile test and room temperature impact test were carried out on the alloy. Combined with the experimental results, the influence mechanism of magnesium on the mechanical properties of Incoloy825 was revealed. The results showed that the addition of magnesium reduced the content of oxygen and sulfur in the alloy, reduced the number of inclusions, improved the composition of inclusions, improved the cleanliness of the alloy, reduced the influence of inclusions on mechanical properties, and refined the grains of the alloy. The yield strength, tensile strength, reduction of area and elongation of the alloy were improved to a certain extent, that was, the improvement of inclusions and microstructure improved the strength and plasticity of the alloy. It was also found that the addition of magnesium can expel Cr, Fe and Mo from the grain boundary of the alloy, thus reducing the precipitation of hard and brittle carbide M23C6 at the grain boundary and significantly improving the impact toughness of the alloy. Compared with the alloy without magnesium addition, when the Mg content increased to 0.0065wt%, the sulfur content and oxygen content in the alloy decreased by 37.19%, 15.71%, number density of inclusions decreased from 75 to 53 pcs, the large-sized bulk Al2O3 was transformed into small-sized MgO?Al2O3 and MgO with nearly circular 2D morphology, and the impact absorbing energy was increased from 262.5 J to 384.7 J, with an increase range of 46.55%. The mechanical properties of the alloy were improved by the comprehensive effects of the reduction of impurity elements, the number of inclusions, grain refinement, the size of carbides and the number of carbides at grain boundaries.
    Study on efficient extraction of gallium from brown corundum soot
    Yüwei CHANG Jühua ZHANG Xüjie HUI Yue LIANG
    The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering. 2023, 23(3):  460-471.  DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.222059
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    Brown corundum soot is a common secondary resource. Its main components are Si, Al, K, and secondary components include Ga, Fe, Mn, Ca, Mg, etc., which have a high recycling value. The demand for gallium metal has been increasing year by year, and the market price has shown substantial growth recently. Hence, research on the recovery of gallium from brown corundum soot is of great significance. In this work, an optimum process of sodium salt roasting followed by acid leaching was determined to extract gallium from the brown corundum soot by comparing the conventional acid leaching, conventional alkali leaching, and sodium salt roasting-leaching experiments. Effects of additive types, roasting temperature, and adding amounts of additives on the recovery of gallium were studied, and at the same time, the leaching behaviors of the three main impurity elements of Si, Al, and K in the process of gallium extraction were explored. The results showed that the recovery of gallium was only about 10% when using the conventional acid leaching to treat the brown corundum soot, while the recovery could reach 71.24% when using direct alkaline leaching at 90℃ for 3 h. After roasting, the leaching percentage of gallium was much higher than that of direct acid leaching and direct alkaline leaching. The gallium recovery of sodium carbonate roasting was higher than that of sodium chloride roasting. The leaching method of the roasted sample had a significant effect on the leaching efficiency of gallium. The order from high to low was acid leaching>alkaline leaching>>water leaching. The best gallium extraction route was found to be sodium carbonate roasting-acid leaching. The roasting temperature and the added amount of sodium carbonate remarkably affected the recovery of gallium and the recovery could go as high as 98.38% when the operational parameters were kept at a roasting temperature of 850℃, the mass ratio of sodium carbonate to soot being 1.0, roasting time of 2 h, leaching with concentration 25vol% sulfuric acid at 80℃ for 3 h, Meanwhile, the leaching rate of impurity Si was 0.31%, but as for Al and K they were both high, which brings difficulties to the subsequent purification of gallium solution and the separation of gallium.
    Soluble expression and antigenicity identification of VP1 capsid protein from serotype O foot?and?mouth disease virus
    Runnian WANG Chun ZHANG Jiaqi WU Yao ZHANG Yuxiang ZHANG Luyao ZHANG Rong YU Yongdong LIU
    The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering. 2023, 23(3):  472-479.  DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.222065
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    Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is an acute and highly contagious animal disease that is caused by FMD virus (FMDV), and it brings huge economical damage to the livestock industry once breaking out. Vaccination with inactivated FMDV is widely used to prevent FMD prevalence, but there are several limitations to the conventional inactivated vaccine such as virus escape and high production costs. To avoid these deficiencies, recombinant protein subunit vaccines are being developed for the prevention and control of FMD. The structural protein VP1 of FMDV contains most of the pivotal immune epitopes, therefore numerous researchers focus on VP1 for diagnosis and vaccines development for FMDV. Compared with the eukaryotic expression system, the prokaryotic expression system has the advantages of fast growth, easy scaling up and low cost, making it more suitable for animal vaccine production. However, VP1 tends to form insoluble and inactive inclusion bodies when expressed in the prokaryotic system. In this study, a strategy for soluble expression of FMDV VP1 (serotype O/MYA/98) in the prokaryotic system was firstly designed by fusion with two tags of small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) and RNA-interacting domain (RID). Through the PCR (polymerase chain reaction) overlap technique, the gene of RID-SUMO-VP1 was constructed and cloned into pET28a(+) vector. Then the recombinant plasmid was transformed into E. coli BL21(DE3). After induction with 1 mmol/L IPTG for 4 h at 18℃, the fusion protein of RID-SUMO-VP1 was efficiently expressed up to 79% insoluble form, while VP1 fused with one tag of SUMO or RID was still expressed as inclusion bodies. After cell disruption, a simple method of two-step ammonium sulfate precipitation was developed, which could separate RID-SUMO-VP1 from the lysate with a purity of 93%. ELISA (enzyme linked immunosorbent assay) showed that RID-SUMO-VP1 could react with O-type FMDV positive mice serum. These results demonstrated that soluble and immunogenic FMDV VP1 can be expressed in E. coli by fusion with a double-tag of RID and SUMO. Our study lays the foundation for the development of immunodiagnostic and novel subunit vaccines of FMD.
    Flocculation removal of colloidal suspended solids by inorganic-organic hybrid material
    Ya LIU Binbin CHENG Xueqing WANG Guangjin ZHU Hongshan GUO Baozhong LI
    The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering. 2023, 23(3):  480-488.  DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.222096
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    Colloidal particles has long been a challenge in wastewater treatment due to its small size and high surface charge, which inhibits the aggregation and sedimentation. Usually, a combination of inorganic and organic flocculants are used for efficient separation of colloidal particles from wastewater, resulting in high cost of water treatment, large production of solid slag and lengthy technological process. Currently, inorganic-organic composite flocculants are often synthesized through physical blending method, but the flocculation performance is not so desirable owing to the uneven mixing of inorganic and organic components. In order to solve the above problems, the inorganic-organic hybrid material poly(silicate aluminum chloride-acrylamide) [P(SAC-AM)] was synthesized through situ-polymerization of organic monomers in inorganic solution, and the characterization result suggested that inorganic particles were well distributed in organic matrix. The effect of P(SAC-AM) was investigated for flocculation of colloidal particles in coal gasification wastewater, and the commercial polysilicate aluminum chloride (PSAC), polyacrylamide (PAM) and polydimethyldiallyl ammonium chloride (PDMDAAC) were tested for comparison. The results indicated that P(SAC-AM) performed better at a lower dosage than commercial flocculants which were used either alone or in combination, and it was mainly owe to high-efficient synergistic effect of charge neutralization and adsorption bridging. Larger and dense flocs were formed by P(SAC-AM), thus facilitating the sedimentation and separation of colloidal particles. In addition, small amounts of COD, Ca2+, Mg2+ and other pollutants were also removed by P(SAC-AM) from wastewater. This result provides a facile and efficient way for separation of colloidal particles from wastewater, and it would be beneficial to shortening the technological process and reducing the cost of wastewater treatment.