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过程工程学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (7): 1013-1023.DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.222299

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煤层气燃烧法脱氧技术研究现状及发展趋势

张飞琼1， 尹雪峰1*， 胡佳楠2， 何玮1， 王靖1， 代鹏飞1， 王子琛1， 张娜1   

  1. 1. 内蒙古大学生态与环境学院，内蒙古自治区环境污染控制与废物资源化重点实验室，内蒙古 呼和浩特 010030 2. 呼和浩特市检验检测中心，内蒙古 呼和浩特 010031
  • 收稿日期:2022-08-16 修回日期:2022-12-21 出版日期:2023-07-28 发布日期:2023-07-28
  • 通讯作者: 尹雪峰 107981216@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    基于二氧化碳低氧稀释的化学链燃烧载氧体积碳的抑制方法;抽放煤层气流化床化学链燃烧脱氧纯化转化示范

Research progress of coalbed methane combustion deoxidation technology

Feiqiong ZHANG1,  Xuefeng YIN1*,  Jianan HU2,  Wei HE1,  Jing WANG1,  Pengfei DAI1, Zichen WANG1,  Na ZHANG1   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Waste Recycling in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Department of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010030, China 2. Hohhot Inspection and Testing Center, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010031, China
  • Received:2022-08-16 Revised:2022-12-21 Online:2023-07-28 Published:2023-07-28

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摘要： 煤层气(CBM)是一种以甲烷为主要成分的非常规天然气能源，具有储量丰富、燃烧清洁的优点，受到了国内外的广泛关注，但其利用率一直普遍较低，主要原因是低浓度煤层气缺乏有效利用，其中所含的氧气是限制其安全利用的关键。本工作介绍了燃烧法脱氧的基本原理及特点，包括焦炭燃烧法、催化燃烧法、化学链燃烧法，重点从碳材料、催化剂、氧载体等方面分析了目前的研究现状，尤其系统介绍了化学链燃烧技术，可以看到焦炭燃烧法脱氧温度较高(650~1000℃) ，改善碳材料性能、有效控制反应温度是该技术的关键；催化燃烧法脱氧过程会消耗甲烷，催化剂易中毒失活，高效催化剂的研发是关键；而化学链燃烧脱氧法具有最大程度保留甲烷含量、反应温度较低、氧载体材料廉价易得等优势，综合比较指出化学链燃烧法有望成为低浓度煤层气脱氧最有效的方法。

关键词: 煤层气, 燃烧法, 脱氧, 化学链

Abstract: Coal bed methane (CBM) is a kind of unconventional natural gas energy that is mostly made of methane and is held as an adsorbed substance in coal seams. It has received a lot of attention both domestically and internationally due to its benefits of plentiful reserves and clean combustion. China has the third largest CBM deposits in the world, and the exploitation of CBM is expanding due to the increased interest in CBM in recent years, although the utilization rate is consistently low. The fundamental cause is a lack of effective low-concentration CBM utilization, where oxygen is essential to limiting safe CBM utilization. Deoxygenation is a requirement for safe utilization since low-concentration coalbed methane poses an explosion danger due to the presence of oxygen. This work introduces the basic principle and characteristics of combustion deoxidation, including the coke combustion method, catalytic combustion method, and chemical looping combustion method, with emphasis on carbon material, catalyst, oxygen carrier analysis of the current research status. In particular, the new technology of chemical looping combustion is discussed and analyzed. The findings demonstrate that the coke combustion process has a better deoxidation effect but has the shortcoming of high deoxidation temperature (650~1000℃), the key of current research is to improve the performance of carbon material and effectively control the reaction temperature. Methane will be consumed during catalytic combustion deoxidation, and the catalyst is easily poisoned and rendered inactive, the key to this technique is to investigate and develop a powerful catalyst, and this technique is not suitable for treating low-concentration CBM deoxidation. For the chemical looping combustion deoxidation method, the oxygen carrier material is inexpensive and simple to get, the reaction temperature is low, and this method can retain the maximum amount of methane. The thorough comparison reveals that deoxygenating low-concentration coalbed methane is more effectively accomplished using the chemical looping combustion approach.

Key words: coalbed methane, combustion method, deoxidize, chemical looping