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过程工程学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (3): 293-301.DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.224223

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

牛粪厌氧发酵释磷及蓝铁矿结晶法磷回收试验优化

陈智豪1， 李卫华1*， 杨婷婷1， 刘怡心2   

  1. 1. 安徽建筑大学环境与能源工程学院，安徽省环境污染控制与资源化重点实验室，安徽 合肥 230601 2. 中国科学技术大学地球和空间科学学院，中国科学院壳幔物质与环境重点实验室，安徽 合肥 230026
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-05 修回日期:2024-09-30 出版日期:2025-03-28 发布日期:2025-03-28
  • 通讯作者: 李卫华 liweihua9@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    环境污染控制与废弃物资源化利用;多源有机固废协同生物转化机理与调控;污水除磷过程中蓝铁矿的光谱表征与识别机理研究

Optimization of phosphorus release from anaerobic fermentation of cow manure and phosphorus recovery through vivianite crystallization

Zhihao CHEN1,  Weihua LI1*,  Tingting YANG1,  Yixin LIU2   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Anhui Province of Environmental Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China 2. CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
  • Received:2024-07-05 Revised:2024-09-30 Online:2025-03-28 Published:2025-03-28

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摘要： 随着我国畜禽养殖业的快速发展，畜禽废弃物的处置与资源化利用引起了人们的广泛关注。为了最大限度地从这种废弃物中回收磷，本研究以富含磷的新鲜牛粪作为研究对象，提出了新的磷回收途径。通过考察不同浓度、厌氧发酵时间和初始pH值对新鲜牛粪厌氧发酵的释磷效果，发现牛粪浓度为180 g/L、厌氧发酵时间为14天、初始pH=7时，牛粪释磷效果最好，达156.57 mg/L；为了从厌氧发酵的牛粪上清液中回收磷，采用投加Fe2+盐诱导蓝铁矿结晶，通过L9(34)正交试验，探究反应温度、pH值和Fe/P比对磷回收率的影响。结果表明，影响磷回收效率的因素依次是初始pH值、反应温度和Fe/P比，最佳工艺条件为：反应温度35℃、pH=7及Fe/P比为1.9。在该条件下，磷的回收率最高，达84.20%，蓝铁矿纯度为25%；通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)、傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)和拉曼光谱(Raman)对回收产物表征，并采用改良的顺序磷提取方法研究了回收产物中蓝铁矿的丰度，证实了回收产物中存在蓝铁矿。本研究在有效提取新鲜牛粪中磷的基础上，为合成高价值的蓝铁矿提供了有价值的参考依据。

关键词: 磷回收, 蓝铁矿, 新鲜牛粪, 厌氧发酵, 磷形态

Abstract: With the rapid development of the livestock and poultry farming industry in China, the disposal and resource utilization of livestock and poultry waste have attracted widespread attention. To maximize the recovery of phosphorus from this waste, this study focuses on fresh cow manure, which is rich in phosphorus, and proposes a novel pathway for phosphorus recovery. By examining the effects of different manure concentrations, anaerobic fermentation durations, and initial pH values on phosphorus release during the anaerobic fermentation of fresh cow manure, the study found that optimal conditions for phosphorus release were achieved with a manure concentration of 180 g/L, an anaerobic fermentation period of 14 days, and the initial pH of 7, resulting in a phosphorus release of 156.57 mg/L. To recover phosphorus from the supernatant of anaerobically fermented cow manure, Fe2+ salts were added to induce the vivianite crystallization. L9(34) orthogonal experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of reaction temperature, pH, and Fe/P ratio on the phosphorus recovery rate. The results showed that the factors affecting phosphorus recovery efficiency in order of significance, were the initial pH value, reaction temperature, and Fe/P ratio. The optimal for the process were found to be a reaction temperature of 35℃, a pH of 7, and a Fe/P ratio of 1.9. Under these conditions, the highest phosphorus recovery rate of 84.20% was achieved, and the purity of vivianite was 25%. The recovered products were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Raman spectroscopy. An improved sequential phosphorus extraction method was employed to determine the abundance of vivianite in the recovered products. The research provides a valuable reference for the synthesis of high-value vivianite, based on the effective extraction of phosphorus from fresh cow manure.

Key words: phosphorus recovery, vivianite, fresh cow manure, anaerobic fermentation, phosphorus form