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过程工程学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (5): 425-434.DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.224267

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

套筒安装角度对窗口式套筒调节阀空化特性影响及机理分析

盛侃， 张深哲， 金志江， 钱锦远*   

  1. 浙江大学化工机械研究所，浙江 杭州 310027
  • 收稿日期:2024-08-26 修回日期:2024-10-09 出版日期:2025-05-28 发布日期:2025-05-30
  • 通讯作者: 钱锦远 qianjy@zju.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目

Influence and mechanism analysis of sleeve angle on cavitation characteristics of window-type sleeve control valves

Kan SHENG,  Shenzhe ZHANG,  Zhijiang JIN,  Jinyuan QIAN*   

  1. Institute of Process Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China
  • Received:2024-08-26 Revised:2024-10-09 Online:2025-05-28 Published:2025-05-30

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摘要： 窗口式套筒调节阀作为一种常见的调节阀，是过程工业系统中的关键部件，然而，阀内空化现象会导致阀门出现调节能力失效、阀内结构损伤等问题，从而影响系统正常运行。在阀门设计过程中，套筒存在两种基于工程实际的对称安装角度，本工作针对套筒安装角度对窗口式套筒调节阀空化特性影响尚不明晰的问题，通过数值模拟方法对不同套筒安装角度与工况参数影响下的空化特性以及空化产生机理进行研究。结果表明，改变套筒安装角度可以在不影响阀内流通能力的前提下，显著抑制阀内的空化现象。空化程度出现差异的成因源于阀内不同的空化产生机理。一类空化的产生源于流通面积陡缩与康达效应作用下的高速射流；另一类空化的产生源于节流窗口底部的强涡结构带来的局部压降。另外，本工作证明了强涡结构与空化产生位置有直接联系。本研究结果对实际工程中窗口式套筒调节阀套筒安装角度设置问题以及空化抑制结构优化设计均具有指导意义。

关键词: 套筒调节阀, 空化特性, 套筒角度, 空化机理

Abstract: As common regulators, window-type sleeve control valves are critical components in process industry systems and the core structures of the control system flow. However, the occurrence of cavitation within these valves can lead to issues such as the failure of control capabilities and the wear of the structural surfaces, which can significantly affect the normal flow regulation of the system. In the design process of window-type sleeve control valves, there are two symmetrical installation angles of the sleeve based on engineering practice. This work aims to elucidate the impact of sleeve angles on the cavitation characteristics of window-type sleeve control valves. Numerical simulation methods are employed to investigate the cavitation characteristics and the cavitation mechanisms under different sleeve angles and various operating conditions. The results indicate that changes in the sleeve angle can effectively suppress cavitation within the valve without compromising its flow capacity. Two different sleeve angles are investigated in this research. Under high-pressure drops, the maximum growth rate of the steam phase volume reached 40.29%, while the growth rate of the valve's resistance coefficient is below 5%. This finding means that adjustments to the sleeve angle can be made to minimize cavitation while maintaining the valve's flow capability. Furthermore, the research identifies two distinct mechanisms of cavitation generation within the valve: one resulting from high-speed jets due to abrupt area contractions and the Coanda effect, and the other caused by local pressure drops associated with strong vortex structures at the bottom of the throttling window. Interestingly, a direct correlation is found between the presence of these strong vortex structures and the locations where cavitation occurs. The findings of this study provide valuable insights for setting the sleeve installation angles and optimizing the design of cavitation suppression structures in window-type sleeve control valves, enhancing their performance and reliability in engineering applications.

Key words: sleeve control valve, cavitation characteristics, sleeve angle, cavitation mechanism