Abstract: Proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMEC) is a promising water electrolysis technology, but its development is limited by cost and energy consumption. In order to effectively improve the heat transfer and gas-liquid two-phase transfer ability in the anode channel of proton exchange membrane electrolysis cell and improve the electrolysis performance, the wall structure of the electrolysis cell channel was studied. Based on the electrochemical principle and the theory of mass and heat transfer, a single channel model of three-dimensional non-isothermal proton exchange membrane electrolysis cell was established. The anode channel velocity, temperature, and gas-liquid two-phase distribution of the electrolysis cell were analyzed. The effects of bionic groove and conventional groove on the heat and mass transfer and electrochemical performance of the electrolysis cell were studied. The results showed that: (1) the addition of grooves in the anode channel of the electrolytic cell can optimize the fluid velocity, energy and mass transfer performance and electrochemical performance of the electrolytic cell in varying degrees. (2) Compared with the conventional geometric grooves, the bionic curved surface grooves had more obvious optimization effects on all aspects of the performance of the electrolytic cell. Compared with triangle grooves and V-shaped grooves, the heat transfer coefficients of the anode channel with the bionic curved surface groove increased by 10.8% and 28.2%, and relative optimization rate of the mass transfer rates of liquid water and oxygen reached 47.0% and 83.3%, respectively. (3) Groove spacing affected the degree of fluid disturbance in the channel, and the number of disturbances was positively correlated with the number of grooves. When the channel length was constant, the smaller the groove spacing was, the more frequent the disturbance was, the faster the fluid velocity in the channel of the electrolytic cell was, and the overall performance of the electrolytic cell was improved. The research results can provide certain reference for the further development of proton exchange membrane electrolyzer.

Key words: proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell, electrochemistry, bionic structure, grooves, two-phase flow, heat and mass transfer

摘要： 质子交换膜水电解(PEMEC)是极具发展前景的水电解制氢技术，但其发展受到成本与能耗的限制。为了有效改善质子交换膜电解池阳极通道内热量传递和气液两相传递能力并提高电解性能，对电解池通道壁面结构进行研究。基于电化学原理、传质传热理论，建立了三维非等温质子交换膜电解池单通道模型，对电解池阳极通道速度、温度以及气液两相分布等方面进行分析，研究了仿生沟槽和常规沟槽对电解池热质传递以及电化学性能影响。结果表明，(1) 电解池阳极通道中加入沟槽对电解池流体速度、热质传递性能及电化学性能均有不同程度优化；(2) 仿生曲面沟槽相较于常规几何沟槽，对电解池各方面性能的优化效果更加显著，仿生曲面沟槽与三角形和V形沟槽相比，阳极通道传热系数分别提高10.8%和28.2%，液态水和氧气最大传质速率相对优化率达到47.0%和83.3%；(3) 沟槽间距会影响通道流体扰动程度，扰动次数和沟槽数目呈正相关，当通道长度一定时，沟槽间距越小，扰动越频繁，电解池通道流体速度增大，电解池整体性能提升。研究结果可为质子交换膜电解池的设计提供一定参考。

关键词: 质子交换膜电解池, 电化学, 仿生结构, 沟槽, 气液两相流, 传热传质