Abstract: In view of the problems of nozzle clogging, large water consumption, uneven droplet size, and high energy consumption in the traditional wet atomization dust removal process, it was necessary to study the atomization characteristics of the dual-media nozzle used and its dust removal efficiency. The atomization dust removal method based on chemical wetting was studied, and the effects of wetting agent type, nozzle outlet structure, gas-liquid ratio and other factors on the removal efficiency of fine particles in converter flue gas in steel production process were analyzed. Firstly, the principle of wetting agent and the mechanism of water mist dust removal were analyzed. The effects of nozzle structure, gas-liquid ratio, and atomizing medium on atomization characteristics were experimentally studied. It was found that adding anionic wetting agents sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS), nonionic wetting agents Trayton (TX-100), and Tween 20 (TW-20) in water can reduce the surface tension of the solution, of which SDS solution has the best wettability. With the increase of the wetting agent concentration, the SDS solution better reduced the surface tension of the solution and enhanced the primary atomization. During the atomization process, the dust reduction rate of the cone nozzle on PM10 can reach 41.91%. The droplet diameter gradually decreased as the gas-liquid pressure ratio increased, the droplet size of porous structure nozzle was smaller and more uniform compared with cone and sector nozzles. When the gas-liquid pressure ratio was 1.25, the atomization droplet SMD (Sauter Mean Diameter) of 0.05wt% SDS solution can reach 64.53 μm. The dust reduction rates of PM2.5 and PM10 can reach 74.28% and 76.41%. The research results can provide basic support for the pre-treatment and efficient dust removal technology of fine dust in traditional heavy industry such as steel, power, and building materials, and are of great significance for the efficient removal of PM2.5 and PM10.

Key words: converter flue gas, atomization characteristics, fine particles, removal efficiency

摘要： 针对传统的湿法雾化除尘过程存在喷嘴易堵塞、耗水流量大、雾滴粒度不均匀、能耗较高等问题，采用基于化学润湿作用的雾化除尘方法，考察了润湿剂种类、喷嘴出口结构、气液压力比等因素对钢铁生产过程转炉烟气中微细颗粒去除效率的影响。结果表明，在水中加入阴离子型润湿剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)、十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)和非离子型润湿剂曲拉通(TX-100)、吐温20 (TW-20)都可降低溶液的表面张力，其中SDS溶液的润湿性最好。通过实验研究，与锥形、扇形喷嘴相比，多孔形结构喷嘴的雾滴粒径更小且分布更均匀，气液压力比为1.25时，0.05wt% SDS溶液的雾化雾滴索特尔平均直径可达到64.53 μm，PM2.5和PM10的去除效率可达74.28%和76.41%。研究结果可为钢铁、电力、建材等传统重工业微细粉尘的预处理及高效除尘工艺技术提供基础支撑，对PM2.5和PM10的高效去除具有重要意义。

关键词: 转炉烟气, 雾化特性, 细颗粒物, 去除效率