Abstract: With the increasing demand for clean smelting of complex copper containing resources in China, oxygen bottom blowing copper smelting technology is playing an important role, and higher requirements are being put forward for its core equipment's (bottom blowing furnace) smelting capacity. Compared with other bottom blown furnaces, large oxygen bottom blown furnaces have larger specifications and more complex structures, and a high degree of matching between structure and function will be a very important issue. The position of the oxygen lance area is an important factor affecting the fluid flow and mass transfer inside a large oxygen bottom blowing furnace, thereby having a significant impact on the smelting effect. This work takes a large-scale copper smelting oxygen bottom blowing furnace of a certain enterprise as the research prototype, and uses numerical simulation methods to study the influence of the position of the oxygen lance on the flow characteristics of the large-scale oxygen bottom blowing furnace. The main focus is to investigate the influence of the position of the oxygen lance on the functional area and flow field inside the furnace. The results indicate that adjusting the position of the oxygen lance area can alter the distribution pattern of the functional areas inside the furnace. The "one end reaction and one end settlement" mode results in an asymmetric distribution of functional areas within the furnace. The effective extension of the settlement zone is conducive to the full separation of slag and matte. Offsetting the oxygen gun area towards the copper discharge port by 2300 mm form a "reaction at one end and settling at the other" mode. The settling area in front of the slag port is extended by 53.74%, and copper matte and copper slag achieve a more comprehensive and reasonable transition, full separation, and can be used as a directional control measure to optimize production.

Key words: oxygen lance zone, large bottom blowing furnace, flow characteristics, numerical simulation

摘要： 随着我国对含铜复杂资源清洁冶炼需求增加，氧气底吹炼铜技术正在发挥重要作用，对其核心装备(底吹炉)冶炼能力提出更高的要求。与其他底吹炉相比，大型氧气底吹炉规格更加庞大、结构更加复杂，结构与功能高度匹配将是一个非常重要的问题。氧枪区位置是影响大型氧气底吹炉内流体流动与传质的重要因素，从而对冶炼效果产生重要影响。本工作以某企业大型铜熔炼氧气底吹炉为研究原型，通过数值模拟方法对氧枪区位置对大型氧气底吹炉流动特性影响进行研究，考察了氧枪区位置对炉内功能区、流场的影响规律。结果表明，调整氧枪区位置可改变炉内功能区的分布模式。“一端反应一端沉降”模式、炉内功能区非对称分布、沉降区有效延长，有利于渣、锍充分分离。氧枪区向铜口一侧偏移2300 mm，会形成“一端反应一端沉降”模式，渣口前沉降区延长53.74%，铜锍与铜渣获得合理过渡、充分分离，可作为一种定向调控措施优化生产。

关键词: 氧枪区, 大型底吹炉, 流动特性, 数值模拟