Abstract: Supercritical methanol transesterification technology was used to produce biodiesel from Kosteletzkya virginica oil as raw material. The single factor and orthogonal experiments were adopted to study the effects of molar ratio of methanol to Kosteletzkya virginica oil, reaction pressure, agitation speed, reaction time, reaction temperature, water content and acid number on oil transesterification rate. The results indicated that the order of influential factors on the oil transesterification rate within the experimental range was obtained as follows: reaction temperature>reaction pressure>reaction time>agitation speed>molar ratio of methanol to Kosteletzkya virginica oil. The optimal technological parameters of oil transesterification from Kosteletzkya virginica oil were determined as follows: reaction temperature 300℃, reaction pressure 12 MPa, reaction time 9 min, agitation speed 300 r/min and molar ratio of methanol to Kosteletzkya virginica oil 30, and under such conditions, the total oil transesterification rate after transesterification in three times was obtained as 97.62%.

Key words: Kosteletzkya virginica oil, biodiesel, supercritical methanol, transesterification rate, orthogonal experiment

摘要： 以海滨锦葵油为原料，利用超临界法制备脂肪酸甲酯(生物柴油). 通过单因素实验及正交实验研究了醇/油摩尔比、反应压力、搅拌强度、反应时间、反应温度、水分和酸值等因素对酯交换率的影响. 结果表明，在实验范围内各影响因素对酯交换率的影响依次为：反应温度>反应压力>反应时间>搅拌强度>醇/油摩尔比. 海滨锦葵油超临界法制备生物柴油的最佳工艺条件为：反应温度300℃，反应压力12 MPa，反应时间9 min，搅拌强度300 r/min，醇/油摩尔比30. 在此条件下，酯交换反应3次，酯交换率可达97.62%.

关键词: 海滨锦葵油, 生物柴油, 超临界甲醇, 酯交换率, 正交实验