Abstract: Activated carbon was prepared from Chinese fir sawdust by chemical activation using zinc chloride under vacuum condition. The micropore structure, adsorption properties and surface morphology of activated carbon obtained under atmosphere and vacuum were investigated. The effects of system pressure, pyrolysis temperature and holding time on the characteristics of activated carbon were studied. The results show that the activated carbon prepared under vacuum had good adsorption properties, which are significantly better than those of activated carbon obtained under atmosphere. The adsorption values of iodine and methylene blue with activated carbon were 1030.43 and 343.92 mg/g, respectively, which was obtained under the conditions of system pressure of 10.5 kPa, heating rate of 5℃/min, pyrolysis temperature of 450℃ and holding time of 60 min.

Key words: activated carbo, vacuum pyrolysis, zinc chloride activation, zinc chloride activation

摘要： 以杉木屑为原料，采用氯化锌活化法，在真空条件下热裂解制备了活性炭. 对比了真空与常压条件制备的活性炭的微孔性质、吸附性能及表面形貌，探讨了体系压力、裂解终温、保温时间对活性炭吸附性能的影响. 结果表明，所制活性炭吸附性能优良，性能明显优于常压条件制备的活性炭. 在体系压力10.5 kPa、升温速率5℃/min、裂解终温450℃、保温时间60 min时制备的活性炭对碘和亚甲基蓝的吸附率分别为1030.43和343.92 mg/g.

关键词: 活性炭, 真空热裂解, 氯化锌活化, 杉木屑