Abstract: The capsaicin crystal (capsaicin 50.4%, dihydrocapsaicin 37.1%, nordihydrocapsaicin 7.9%) was used as raw material, its solubility in different solvents in the temperature range from 262 to 333 K were respectively determined with the equilibrium method. The experimental data were correlated with mathematical models such as the ideal solution, Apelblat and polynomial empirical equations. The results show that the solubility of capsaicin is elevated as the temperature increases, and the dissolving effect of n-butanol is the best, but the water the worst. The calculations show that ether is suitable to the cooling crystallization of capsaicin, its yield is 51.23%. The polynomial empirical equation is the best to fit in the experimental results.

Key words: capsaicin, solubility, equilibrium method

摘要： 应用平衡法，以辣椒碱晶体(含辣椒碱50.4%，二氢辣椒碱37.1%，降二氢辣椒碱7.9%)为原料，在262~333 K温度下测定了辣椒碱在甲醇、乙醇、正丁醇等9种溶剂中的溶解度曲线，分别采用理想溶液模型、Apelblat模型和多项式经验方程对实验数据进行关联. 结果表明，9种溶剂中，辣椒碱的溶解度均随温度升高而增大，辣椒碱在正丁醇中的溶解度最大，在水中的溶解度最小. 计算表明，乙醚适合作为辣椒碱的冷却结晶溶剂，产率为51.23%. 模型关联结果为理想溶液模型的误差较大，多项式经验方程的误差最小.

关键词: 辣椒碱, 溶解度, 平衡法