Abstract: Environment testing chamber of HJC-1 type was used to simulate the indoor environment of block board widely used in buildings adopted as the tested material. Formaldehyde concentrations in the chamber at different board structures, air exchange rates, relative humidities and environmental temperatures in a certain period were measured, and analyzed in its diffusion mechanism. Gray-system forecasting model was established to predict the concentration of formaldehyde, after its emission from the board at peak value. The results indicate that the main emission channel of formaldehyde is the side surface of board, it releases 3 times of formaldehyde quantity as the surface of board. Formaldehyde gas diffusion process is divided into three stages, the initial fast release, stable release and long-term slow release. Air exchange rate affects the formaldehyde concentration in the testing chamber, but does not affect its release rate of block board; the formaldehyde concentration increases with the increase of relative humidity and temperature. The predicted data of forecasting model agree well with the experimental data. The average relative error is 3.717%. This method is suitable for long term prediction.

Key words: block board, indoor environment, formaldehyde emission, gray-system forecasting

摘要： 采用环境测试舱模拟室内环境，测量细木工板中甲醛的释放浓度，考察细木工板结构、温度、相对湿度和空气交换率对甲醛释放的影响，分析细木工板中甲醛气体扩散机理，并建立了灰色预测模型对细木工板中甲醛释放峰值后的过程进行模拟. 结果表明，细木工板中甲醛散发通道主要为端面，端面的甲醛释放量是平面的3倍；细木工板中甲醛气体扩散过程分为3个阶段(初始快速释放、稳定释放和长期缓速释放)；空气交换率对细木工板中甲醛释放率影响不大；相对湿度和温度升高，细木工板中甲醛释放率也增大；预测模型的预测数据与实验数据吻合较好，平均相对误差率仅为3.717%，适合进行长期预测.

关键词: 细木工板, 室内环境, 甲醛释放, 灰色预测