Abstract: Under the optimum roasting conditions, sodium roasted vanadium slag with high Ca/V ratio [ω(CaO)/ω(V2O5) at 0.32] is obtained and used as experimental material. Leaching conditions of the roasted slag with water and ammonium carbonate are studied by single factor experiments. The optimum conditions and leaching results of two leaching processes are compared, and their characteristics analyzed. Phase analysis of vanadium slag before and after leaching is carried out, and vanadium leaching mechanisms are analyzed and compared. The results show that the optimum conditions of water leaching are: temperature of 90℃, time of 30 min, and ratio of liquid to solid of 8.0 mL/g. Under the conditions, the leaching rate of vanadium reaches 89.5%. Those of ammonium carbonate leaching are: temperature of 60℃, time of 20 min, and ammonium carbonate content of 12%. Under the conditions, the leaching rate of vanadium reaches 90.2%. Compared with water leaching, vanadium leaching rate with ammonium carbonate is increased by 0.8%, leaching temperature shortened by 30℃, and leaching time reduced by 10 min. Only water-soluble vanadate is leached in water leaching liquid, while both water-soluble and water-insoluble vanadates are dissolved in ammonium carbonate solution.

Key words: vanadium slag, high Ca/V ratio, sodium roasted slag, water leaching, ammonium carbonate leaching, leaching condition

摘要： 采用高钙钒比钒渣[钙钒比ω(CaO)/ω(V2O5) 0.32]在适宜钠化焙烧条件下的熟料，通过单因素控制法，进行水浸出和碳酸铵浸出实验. 对比钒渣熟料两种浸出的适宜条件和浸出效果，分析其特点. 对浸出前后的钒渣进行物相分析，考察和对比两种浸出的浸出机理. 结果表明，钒渣熟料水浸适宜条件为，温度90℃，时间30 min，液固比8.0 mL/g. 此条件下的钒浸出率为89.4%；钒渣熟料碳酸铵浸出适宜条件为，温度60℃，时间20 min，碳酸铵含量12%. 此条件下钒的浸出率为90.2%；与熟料水浸相比，碳酸铵浸出钒的浸出率提高0.8%，浸出温度下降30℃，浸出时间缩短10 min；熟料水浸时只有水溶性钒酸盐被浸出，而碳酸铵浸出时水溶性钒酸盐和部分水不溶性钒酸盐都被浸出.

关键词: 钒渣, 高钙钒比, 钠化熟料, 水浸, 碳酸铵浸出, 浸出条件