Abstract: The dissociation of mineral monomers is one of the key factors that can be efficiently sorted. The crushing method has a great influence on the dissociation degree of mineral monomers. The Bayan Obo rare earth mine contains more than a dozen rare earth minerals, with the close symbiosis of minerals and complex embedded types. Among them, the rare earth is mainly concentrated in bastnaesite and monazite ore. The analysis shows that minerals form contiguous, network veins, dissolution and ring embedment due to mutual enveloping, interpenetrating and alternation. To improve the dissociation degree of mineral monomers, the water jet mineral dissociation device was independently developed to explore the influence of water jet velocity on the dissociation degree of rare earth monomers in Bayan Obo Mine. Under the same particle size distribution, the experimental results of high-pressure water jet pulverization and conventional ball milling (iron medium) were compared, and the effects of the two pulverization methods on the dissociation state of rare earth minerals and the particle interface were analyzed. The analysis by laser confocal microscope and the automatic quantitative analysis system of mineral characteristics (AMICS) showed that the dissociation degree of the high-pressure water jet crushing Bayan Obo rare earth mineral monomer was better than that of ball milling, and it had the characteristics of high dissociation degree and relatively uniform particle size, the natural interface of mineral particles keep better, the surface was smoother, the rare earth minerals were concentrated in the particles below 0.038 mm, which was beneficial to the flotation separation of rare earth, and had certain guiding significance for the ore crushing of the Bayan Obo mine.

Key words: Baiyun Ebo Mine, Mineral dissociation, Water jet smash, Water jet velocity, Particle interface

摘要： 矿物的单体解离是其能被高效选别的关键因素之一，粉碎方法对矿物单体解离度有很大的影响。白云鄂博稀土矿含十几种稀土矿物，矿物共生密切，嵌布类型复杂，其中稀土主要富集在氟碳铈矿与独居石矿中。分析表明矿物因相互包裹穿插和交代而形成毗连、网脉、溶蚀和环状嵌布。为提高矿物的单体解离度，通过自主研发水射流矿物解离装置，探究了水射流速度对白云鄂博矿稀土单体解离度的影响。在同等粒度分布下，对高压水射流粉碎与常规球磨(铁介质)实验结果进行了对比，分析了两种粉碎方式对稀土矿物解离状态及颗粒界面的影响。激光共聚焦显微镜、矿物特征自动定量分析系统(AMICS)分析表明，高压水射流粉碎白云鄂博稀土矿物单体解离度优于球磨，具有解离度高、粒度相对均匀等特点；矿物颗粒天然界面保持较好、表面较光洁，稀土矿物集中在0.038 mm以下颗粒中，有益于稀土的浮选分离，对白云鄂博矿的矿石粉碎具有一定的指导意义。

关键词: 白云鄂博矿, 矿物解离度, 水射流粉碎, 水射流速度, 颗粒界面