Abstract: Coproduction process of activated carbon and silica with rice husk as raw material was studied. The carbonized rice husk was first treated by acid and alkali, the obtained solid residue was further activated to make activated carbon, and the sodium silicate solution was precipitated to prepare silica. The results showed that the specific surface area of activated carbon was 961.8 m2/g, and adsorption capacities of iodine and methylene blue were 1270 and 300 mg/g. Compared with such parameters of activated carbon from carbonized material without deashing, the specific surface area and total pore volume were increased by 136% and 103.8%, respectively. The optimal conditions for making silica were obtained as 10%(j) HCl and 2.5 mol/L NaOH in pretreatment and further calcination at 600℃. The particle size of obtained silica was about 40~60 nm with an amorphous structure. Its maximal specific surface area was 330 m2/g and purity 99.84%, respectively.

Key words: rice husk, activated carbon, silica, acid treatment, alkaline treatment, biomass residue

摘要： 采用物理法将稻壳炭化，炭化料用酸碱处理，固体残渣经高温水蒸汽活化制备活性炭，脱灰液体采用沉淀法制备SiO2. 结果表明，用2.5 mol/L NaOH溶液按液固比10 mL/g脱灰的炭化料所制活性炭比表面积为961.8 m2/g，比不脱灰炭化料所制活性炭增加136%，总孔容积增加103.8%，对碘和亚甲基蓝的吸附容量分别为1270和300 mg/g. 在10% HCl、煅烧温度600℃条件下所制SiO2粒径为40~60 nm，为无定型结构，比表面积达330 m2/g，纯度达99.84%.

关键词: 稻壳, 活性炭, 二氧化硅, 酸处理, 碱处理, 生物质残渣