Content of Process Reengineering for the Goals of Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality in our journal

Published in last 1 year |  In last 2 years |  In last 3 years |  All Please wait a minute... For Selected: Download Citations EndNote Ris BibTeX Toggle Thumbnails Select Resource recycling and low-carbon process reengineering in coal-based industry Wenjiao XU Huaigang CHENG Fangqin CHENG The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering    2023, 23 (3): 323-336.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.222158 Abstract （150）   HTML （215）    PDF （1394KB）（93）       Knowledge map    Save Facing the strategic goals of carbon neutrality and carbon peaking, based on the energy economic structure of coal-rich industrial areas, challenges faced by resource recycling in coal-based industries and low-carbon environmental ecology are discussed. First of all, based on the route of industrial ecology and circular economy, some suggestions are put forward for the development of coal-based industries such as chemical engineering and coal power. Specifically, it includes the reduction of overcapacity and the reduction of land and space planning, the reduction of emissions from process industry reengineering, and the construction of zero-carbon technology parks. Then, the specific measures for the recycling of coal-based waste resources are introduced, including the advanced treatment and reuse of coking wastewater, the materialization/energy utilization of solid waste, and the comprehensive utilization of low-grade resources. Finally, various ways of carbon dioxide emission reduction and resource utilization are summarized, focusing on the mineralization and fixation of carbon dioxide and green transformation, while realizing the green transformation and development of the coal-based industry, ultra-low-carbon emissions might be controlled. Related Articles | Metrics Select Electrodialysis of ion exchange membranes for the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality targets process: opportunities and challenges Huangying WANG Junying YAN Chenxiao JIANG Binglun CHEN Yaoming WANG Tongwen XU The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering    2023, 23 (3): 337-349.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.222150 Abstract （192）   HTML （13）    PDF （2515KB）（98）       Knowledge map    Save The increasing greenhouse effect and the massive discharge of high-salt wastewater have put a great burden on the environment. The carbon peaking and carbon neutrality policies require the formation of a green production lifestyle and the strengthening of comprehensive utilization of resources, which has a positive guiding effect on achieving carbon emission reduction. The choice of recycling high-salt wastewater and the development of efficient carbon capture technologies can greatly enhance the carbon emission reduction process. Ion exchange membrane electrodialysis can realize the concentration, desalination and separation of high salt wastewater due to its unique separation characteristics. In order to reduce the greenhouse effect, the combination of desalination, recycling of high-salt wastewater and efficient capture of carbon dioxide could be implied to reduce concentration of carbon dioxide, further achieving the goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality and zero discharge of wastewater. Therefore, six types of electrodialysis technologies based on ion membrane electrodialysis including conventional electrodialysis, bipolar membrane electrodialysis, reverse electrodialysis, electrodialysis metathesis, selective electrodialysis, and shock electrodialysis were introduced as well as their application progress in carbon capture and conversion and wastewater resource recovery were reviewed in this work. In the meantime, the application prospects of the new ion exchange membrane electrodialysis technologies in the treatment of high salt wastewater were prospected, and the limitations and challenges of the new ion exchange membrane electrodialysis technologies in the aspects of reducing carbon emission were pointed out. Finally, new ideas for the new electrodialysis technologies to achieve carbon emission reduction were provided. Related Articles | Metrics Select Low-carbon and high-efficiency ammonia synthesis process from blast furnace gas/converter gas Fujian LIU Yong ZHENG Yanning CAO Lilong JIANG The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering    2023, 23 (3): 350-358.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.222289 Abstract （228）   HTML （13）    PDF （24052KB）（152）       Knowledge map    Save As a major steel producer, the annual output of steel in China has reached 1.03 billion tons, ranking the highest amount over the world. Blast furnace gas/converter gas is the by-products of the blast furnace ironmaking industry, and its annual output is as high as ~1.8 trillion m3. Therefore, the realizing the clean and efficient utilization of blast furnace gas/converter gas is a major demand for the sustainable development. At present, the integrated utilization of blast furnace gas and converter gas by iron and steel companies mainly includes: one part is directly used as fuel for boilers, hot blast stoves, heating furnaces, etc.; The other part is to use the residual pressure of blast furnace gas to generate electricity, and then use the blast furnace gas as fuel for boilers, hot blast furnaces, and heating furnaces. With the continuous improvement of energy structure and environmental protection requirements in China, the integrated utilization of blast furnace gas/converter gas, purification and proportioning according to the raw material process requirements of industrial synthetic ammonia to produce green hydrogen, which is used as the raw feedstocks for synthetic ammonia. It can not only meet the demand of regional economic development for green synthetic ammonia production, but also realize the reorganization of blast furnace gas/converter gas resources. As a result, the new technique promotes the green development of the regional economy, which meets the current national requirements for energy saving and emission reduction for ammonia synthesis and the steel industry. Based on this, this review systematically analyzes and forecasts the low-carbon and high-efficiency ammonia synthesis process from blast furnace gas/converter gas and demonstrates the advantages of the developed technique. Related Articles | Metrics Select Research advances of slurry bubble column for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis of indirect coal liquefaction technology Li ZHANG Yong YANG Junhu GAO Yu ZHANG Lili ZHANG Chao YANG Yongwang LI The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering    2023, 23 (3): 359-374.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.222151 Abstract （165）   HTML （8）    PDF （4445KB）（104）       Knowledge map    Save Coal-to-liquid (CTL) is one of the most promising way to efficiently convert coal into fuels and chemicals promoting the clean and efficient utilization of coal resources. With the successful application of indirect coal liquefaction technology in million-ton commercial demonstration plants, the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis slurry bubble column as its core equipment involves gas-liquid-solid three-phase turbulent flow, heat/mass transfer and reaction that change with the enlargement of the reactor diameter and the structural layout of internals, which in turn affects multiple complex processes of reactor performance, resulting in huge challenges in reactor design, scale-up and operation optimization due to lack of information on hydrodynamics with internals over a wide range of operating conditions of commercial interest. Scientific research and industry still continue to pay attention to it. This work gives a state-of-the-art review of the recent studies on the slurry bubble column for gas-to-liquid Fisher-Tropsch processes. It analyzes the main factors affecting the hydrodynamic performance of slurry bubble column, summaries the research on flow pattern, gas holdup, bubble behavior, and heat transfer, introduces the structural characteristics and development of the internals such as gas distributor, internal filtration, and heat exchanger. The effects of various operating variables, including pressure, temperature, gas velocity, catalyst concentration, and reactor geometry on the hydrodynamic and transport parameters as well as the performance of slurry bubble column are discussed. Unfortunately, little effort has been put on reviewing the experiments and simulations for examining the effect of internals on the performance and hydrodynamics of slurry bubble column for Fischer-Tropsch and significant efforts are still required. The research progresses from basic research to engineering technology of slurry bubble column in coal indirect liquefaction process are reviewed. Perspectives are given on the potential application and future research of slurry bubble column. Process intensification technology using internals to improve the performance and computational fluid dynamics will be the development direction in the future. Related Articles | Metrics Select CO2 methanation: recent advances in catalyst development and reaction mechanistic study Junbo TIAN Fangna GU Fabing SU Zhanguo ZHANG Guangwen XU The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering    2023, 23 (3): 375-395.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.222027 Abstract （660）   HTML （28）    PDF （12772KB）（349）       Knowledge map    Save Choosing a suitable approach for CO2 utilization is crucial to achieving carbon neutrality and carbon peak goals as early as possible. Synthesis of synthetic natural gas (SNG) by methanation of CO2 using hydrogen produced from renewable energy is widely regarded as an efficient and promising carbon capture and utilization technology, which is expected to realize carbon recycling. Considering the importance of CO2 methanation, we provide a systematic review of the latest studies. Firstly, the effect of different reaction conditions on CO2 methanation is introduced from the perspective of thermodynamics. Secondly, the research progress of CO2 methanation catalysts is reviewed from four aspects: active metal, support, preparation method, and assistive technology. In detail, the active components are classified into cheap metal-based (Ni, Fe, Co, and Mo) and noble metal-based (Ru, Rh, Pt, and Pd) materials, and the supports are divided into the conventional oxides (Al2O3, SiO2, TiO2, ZrO2, and CeO2) and the supports with novel structures (e.g., metal-organic frameworks and carbon-based materials), which are all discussed and evaluated in depth. The preparation methods of catalyst are classified as the conventional ones (such as impregnation, coprecipitation, hydrothermal, sol-gel, and solid-phase synthesis) and unconventional ones. The latter includes three technologies such as ultrasound, microwave, and plasma, which can speed up the synthesis and reaction process and facilitate the high dispersion of the active components on the supports. Subsequently, two reaction mechanisms in CO2 methanation (the formate and CO pathways) are discussed. The specific reaction pathway for CO2 methanation is related to the properties of the catalyst surface (e.g., hydroxyl abundance, adsorbed O2- sites) and the reaction conditions (e.g., reaction temperature and pressure). Finally, current research challenges are put forward, and the prospects for future research in this area are made. Related Articles | Metrics Select Aluminum electrodeposition and refining in ionic liquids Xiaoqing YANG Yong ZHENG Qian WANG Qian YANG Yu LI Tao LI Baozeng REN The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering    2023, 23 (3): 396-410.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.222141 Abstract （184）   HTML （5）    PDF （8639KB）（105）       Knowledge map    Save In 2020, China has already committed to peak carbon dioxide emissions before 2030 and achieves carbon neutrality before 2060. Due to the high energy consumption and carbon emission of the traditional Hall-héroult method of the aluminum electrolysis process, China strictly adheres to the production ceiling of 45 million tons of aluminum and actively develops the recycling technology of aluminum, reaching the output of the recycled aluminum up to 11.5 million tons by 2025 from 6.9 million in 2020. At present, both electrolysis and refining of aluminum are processed at high temperature. Thus, the developments of energy saving processes are required. Electrodeposition of aluminum in ionic liquids can proceed at the temperature below 100℃, which is expected to develop into a novel green technique due to its less energy consumption and no emission of carbon dioxide or other pollutants. In this review, the ionic liquids used for aluminum electrodeposition are classified according to the structure of cations, and the related research progress is reviewed respectively. In addition, the application of different anodes with aluminum as main component in electrolytic refining of aluminum in ionic liquids is also summarized. Finally, the characteristics of ionic liquid electrolyte for aluminum electrodeposition are concluded and some existing problems are pointed out. Related Articles | Metrics Select Reengineering of pharmaceutical process of traditional Chinese medicine with integrated membrane processes Liwei GUO Yongxiang WANG Wenwei ZHONG Peng LI Wenbo PENG Haoran ZENG The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering    2023, 23 (3): 411-420.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.222079 Abstract （125）   HTML （6）    PDF （1035KB）（62）       Knowledge map    Save The pharmaceutical process of traditional Chinese medicine is an energy-material intensive process, particularly with the requirement of large input of water resource and heat source. Under carbon peaking and carbon neutrality policy, the pharmaceutical industry of traditional Chinese medicine involving processes such as refinement, concentration, enrichment of aromatic compounds, solvent recovery, etc., facing unprecedented challenges. As the nation's strategic emerging technology, membrane technology can offer great potential in the manufacturing of traditional Chinese medicine. The integrated process of membrane technologies shows decent competency with the existing manufacturing procedures and steps for traditional Chinese medicine. This review intends to introduce the concept and categories of different specialized membranes particularly fabricated for the application in traditional Chinese medicine green manufacturing for various purposes. This work also reviews the potential, challenges and scientific problems regarding the reengineering of traditional Chinese medicine manufacturing process using integrated membrane processes under the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality policy. Particularly, an algorithm is developed to estimate energy consumption for membrane concentration technology using the key characteristics of the herbal extract solution, which can facilitate the energy comparison between conventional thermal evaporation and the integrated processes of both thermal and membrane concentration technology. This can be used for the process design and optimization of the pharmaceutical manufacturing of traditional Chinese medicine with minimum energy input. The concept of carbon neutral life cycle for traditional Chinese medicine manufacturing is introduced. This work also outlined the perspectives of integrated membrane processes in the eco-industrial park of traditional Chinese medicine manufacturing. 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