Table of Content

20 April 2001, Volume 1 Issue 2

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2

Bioleaching of Ni–Cu Sulfide with Acidophilic Thermophile Acidianus brierleyi

ZHAO Yue-feng; FANG Zhao-heng

. 2001, 1(2):  0-0. 

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Amino acids are very important nutrients in mammalian cell cultivation. Amino acids metabolism varies greatly from one cell line to another, and specific culture media were therefore designed to cover the needs of individual lines. The paper investigated the amino acid metabolism of Vero cells in batch culture by HPLC. The results showed that 12 amino acids (Gln, Arg, His, Leu, Thr, Ile, Lys, Ser, Tyr, Phe, Val and Met) were consumed, and 4 amino acids (Glu, Asp, Ala and Pro) were produced during the growth of Vero cells. 6 amino acids ( Leu, Thr, Ile, Lys, Phe and Tyr) were consumed quickly only in the exponential phase of growth and consumed very slowly in the stationary phase of growth.

Influence of pH, Redox Potential and Hydraulic Retention Time on Anaerobic Fermentation of Glucose

ZHOU Hong-bo; Cord-ruwisch Ralf; CHEN Jian

. 2001, 1(2):  0-0. 

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In wide ranges of pH, Eh and HRT values, glucose was anaerobically fermented by mixed anaerobes. Fastest specific glucose degradation rate and anaerobe growth rate were obtained under the conditions of pH=6~7 and Eh = -400 mV. Product distribution was strongly influenced by pH, Eh and HRT. Lactate and acetate were always major products under all conditions, while ethanol, butyrate, formate and succinate could be major products under certain conditions. The effect of HRT on product distribution was not regular in a wide range of conditions. Under the conditions of pH=6 and Eh= -550~ -300 mV, butyrate concentration was decreased and propionate concentration increased. The shift in product distribution was due to variation in the population of anaerobes and changes in metabolic pathways of the same group.

Decomposition of Cumene Hydroperoxide Catalyzed by Resin Catalysts

HUANG Da-gang; YU Shi-ru; HAN Ming-han; WANG Jin-fu; JIN Yong

. 2001, 1(2):  0-0. 

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Comparing different sulfonic resin catalysts, it was found that CT–175 has a higher activity and is suitable catalyst for the decomposition of cumene hydroperoxide. After the wet resin is dipped in acetone for more than 80 min, nearly 100% water can be removed when the ratio of acetone to resin is 40 ml/g. The main reason of resin fragmentation is mechanical stirring, so it is not suited for a reactor with a mechanical stirrer. The deactivation of resin is caused by Na+ in the resin, and the deactivated catalyst must be regenerated after the Na+ concentration is more than 3%. The optimal regeneration condition is room temperature and 3.5% (w) H2SO4 solution by which more than 95% Na+ in the resin can be removed.

Numerical Simulation of Effect of Steel on Electromagnetic Characteristics of Soft-contact Mold

DENG An-yuan; JIA Guang-lin; HE Ji-cheng

. 2001, 1(2):  0-0. 

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A three-dimensional mathematic mold for electromagnetic field of soft-contact mold and the related finite element program verified by experimental data have been developed to study the relationship between three-dimensional electromagnetic characteristics and the steel in soft-contact mold. The results from numerical simulation show that the electromagnetic characteristics of soft-contact mold has close correlativity with the existence of charge and is sensitive with the fluctuation of meniscus level, the effect of coil position on electromagnetic characteristics lies on the existence of steel, high frequency electromagnetic field is propitious to the confinement of meniscus and weakens the stirring intensity of interior steel, the optimal frequency is 20 kHz or higher, the magnetic field mainly concentrates in the range of 10 mm thickness from outer surface of billet.

Solvent-containing Preparative Electrophoresis of Proteins

LUO Jian; LIU Zheng

. 2001, 1(2):  0-0. 

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Aimed at directly mine operation conditions, WC particle/grey iron and low-chromium alloy white iron matrix composites were manufactured, and their anti-erosive wear properties were investigated against high-chromium cast iron. Results showed that the erosive wear resistance of composites with different metal matrix materials was better than that of high-Cr cast iron, and that of high-carbon and low-Cr white iron matrix was the best.

Research on the Mass Transfer Capability of the Flat Jet Continuous Reactor

YE Shu-feng; HUANG Ye; LI Jie; TIAN Xin-zhong; XIE Yu-sheng; JIN Shan-tong; HUANG Ze-ming; DING Yi

. 2001, 1(2):  0-0. 

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The experimental measurement of mass transfer coefficient for the flat jet continuous reactor has been done in a water-kerosene system with 2-naphthol transferred between liquid phases. The mass transfer coefficient is found to vary in a linear way with stirring intensity when the flat jet thickness is 3 mm or 4 mm. The flat jet continuous reactor is promising in application in iron and steel making for its great capability of interphase mass transfer.

Investigation of Surface Activity of PEO–PPO–PEO Triblock Copolymers in Aqueous Solution

SU Yan-lei; GUO Chen; WEI Xiao-fang; LIU Hui-zhou

. 2001, 1(2):  0-0. 

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Surface tension measurements of PEO–PPO–PEO P84, P103, P104, P123 and F127 aqueous solutions were obtained with the ring method. The surface tension was observed to decrease as time elapses. The difference of surface activity of block copolymer from low molecular hydrocarbon surfactant can be attributed to block copolymer forming molecular brush at air–water interface. Using the molecular brush model, surface tension curves as a function of concentration could be divided into four regions: gas film region, transition region, molecular brush region, and saturated adsorption region. In the molecular brush region, there is an inflexion point, at which the interaction in the molecular brushes strongly affects surface tensions of block copolymer solutions.

Plasmid Stability in High Cell Density Cultures of E.coli HB101(pBR322)

YU Guo-ce; JIAO Rui-shen; WANG Ji-cheng; WANG Shu-qing

. 2001, 1(2):  0-0. 

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Plasmid stability and the activity of b-lactamase were examined in the factorial fed-batch cultures of E.coli HB101(pBR322) in a fermentor. No loss of plasmid pBR322 was observed when temperature shifted from 33 oC to 39 oC, pH from 6.4 to 7.2, dissolved oxygen (DO) from 40% to 80%, the feed rate from 5.4 g/h to 10.8 g/h under the condition of density up to 27.3 g/L and the specific growth rate up to 0.73 h-1. The specific activity of b-lactamase, however, decreased in high cell density cultures.

Purification of Phosphoric Acid by Solvent Extraction

LUO Guang-sheng; LIU Shun-hua; SUN Yong; HUANG Hua-fei; DAI You-yuan

. 2001, 1(2):  0-0. 

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A study of purification of Chinese WPA by solvent extraction was carried out. The effect of temperature on distribution coefficient was investigated and the mechanism of extraction was discussed. The experimental results show that n-butanol has the highest capacity to extract phosphoric acid. With the increase of temperature, the distribution coefficient is found to decrease slightly. The study of extraction mechanism indicates that phosphoric acid is extracted in the form of neutral molecules. Accordingly, other stronger acids such as HCl added to the initial solution will be beneficial to the recovery of phosphoric acid. The fact that the metal ions in WPA are not extracted into the solvent makes out that the solvent extraction is one of the best methods to purify WPA.

Recovery of Dunalilla salina Cells by Dissolved Air Flotation

CUI Jing-qin; ZHENG Yi; CONG Wei; CAI Zhao-ling

. 2001, 1(2):  0-0. 

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Selective Synthesis of Lignin Peroxidase and Manganese Peroxidases by Phanerochaete chrysosporium

LI Hua-zhong; ZHANG Yan-fang; HUA Zhao-zhe; CHEN Jian

. 2001, 1(2):  0-0. 

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Extracting penicillin by aliphatic alcohols was studied in this work. The aliphatic alcohols were more efficient than butyl acetate in extracting penicillin at pH=4. Mixtures of aliphatic alcohol and butyl acetate showed strong coordinated extraction effect. Aliphatic alcohols with branched chain had a little stronger ability to extracting penicillin than straight chain alcohols with the same number of carbon atoms, and water content in organic phase was reduced at the same time. Results of FT–IR indicated, that with adding of butyl acetate, hydroxyl group spectra of aliphatic alcohol became wider and shifted to higher wavenumber. It suggested that butyl acetate molecular blocked forming of aliphatic alcohol congeries, which made hydroxyl group more active. It was suggested by FT-Raman that penicillin molecule entered alcohol phase in inverse microemulsion. The branched chain of alcohols made the system more orderly and polar, which was also favorable to extraction of penicillin.

Ability of Binding and Capturing Metal Ions of Nitrogen Containing Polymers

CHEN Ming-liang; DENG Lu-sha; LI Xiao-ru; HUANG Ke-long

. 2001, 1(2):  0-0. 

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The paper introduces the evaluation methods of the ability of binding and capturing metal ions for polymers, and the performance, properties and applications of 4 types of nitrogen containing polymers are reviewed.

Effect of Shear Stress on Suspension Cultures of Taxus chinensis var. mairei

HAN Rong-bin; SHI Zhong-dong; YANG Wen-li; YUAN Ying-jin

. 2001, 1(2):  0-0. 

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Hetero-polyacid anions (PW12O403-)-pillared hydrotalcite-like compound is directly and hydrothermally synthesized by the hot solution method. FTIR and XRD show that PW12O403- has been incorporated into the interstitial space with the dimension of 0.917 nm. The state of PW12O403- anion between the hydrotalcite sheets was also discussed. The title product can be expressed by formula [Zn0.68Al0.32(OH)2]×[PW12O40] 0.11×3H2O after a serious study of TGA and chemical analysis.

Hydrothermal Modification of Mg(OH)2 Particles in NaOH Solution

XIANG Lan; JIN Yong-cheng; JIN Yong

. 2001, 1(2):  0-0. 

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Literature reported that the mechanism of the energy transfer from a vibration body to a bed in a vibrated fluidized bed (VFB) was collision between two bodies. The enhancement of particle motion in the bed resulted in improvement of fluidization behavior. In this paper, the force acted on the distributor by the bed is measured to analyze the interaction of the distributor and the bed in VFB. Continuous and elastic interaction between the distributor and the bed is revealed from the experimental analysis. An elastic interaction model is proposed: the energy of the periodical vibration is elastically transferred to the bed from the distributor and propagated in the elastic bed as wave. The wave propagation forms a shear force field and enhances the gas–solid contact in the bed. The calculated results from the elastic model of a uniform bed agree with the experimental results under the condition of resonance in a shallow bed.

Portable X-ray Photography of Solid Concentration in Gas–Solids Fluidized Beds— (II) Application and Deviation Analysis

ZHANG Zhi-pan; LUO Guo-hua; WEI Fei; WANG Zhan-wen

. 2001, 1(2):  0-0. 

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The minimum spouting velocity of multi-size glass bead mixtures was investigated in a rectangular-slot spouted bed with slot air entry, the width of which varies from 2 mm to 6 mm. The experimental results of single and multi-size particle mixtures show that the minimum spouting velocity of multi-size particles is related with particles diameter and size distribution in the particle mixture. In the present work, the maps of minimum spouting velocity for multi-size particle mixture were obtained, and the empirical relation for minimum velocity Ums was determined to be

Rational Utilization of Residual Coal Gas in Iron Steel Plant

WANG Li-xin; LI Xin; XU Zhi-hong; YANG Zhang-yuan

. 2001, 1(2):  0-0. 

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There is currently large amount of residual coal gas in iron-steel plants which should be used in the future, otherwise it will cause energy loss and environmental pollution. It is suggested in this paper that the coal gas can be used to produce electricity or chemicals. The situation is also discussed when new technologies such as smelting reduction process and continuous casting process are adopted.

Research Review and Prospects of High-density Circulating Fluidized Beds

CHEN Heng-zhi; LI Hong-zhong

. 2001, 1(2):  0-0. 

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The complex additives which contain (ω) 4%~6% phosphoric acid, 4%~6% calcium triple superphosphate, 80%~90% calcium phosphate, 2%~3% calcium carbonate, 2%~4% sodium hydrosuphite, 2%~4% ferric sulfate and 2%~4% aluminum sulfate were used to produce furfural by straw hydrolysis with sulfuric acid. The effect of reaction conditions on residue acidity and furfural productivity were investigated. The experimental results showed that the suitable conditions are sulfuric acid concentration 16% (ω), the added sulfuric acid amounting to 6% of all raw materials, the weight ratio of liquid to solid 2:1, the content of additives in straw 6%, temperature 100~130oC and reaction time of 2 h, under which the productivity of furfural was 9.6% of rice straw and 10.5% of wheat straw respectively(or 80%~85% of the theoretical value), meanwhile the residue became a compound fertilizer.

Effect of the Angle of the Inclined Perforated Plates on Gas-flow Behavior in a Z-path Moving Bed

TANG Hui-qing; GUO Zhan-cheng; YU Xian-pu; JIN Xin

. 2001, 1(2):  0-0. 

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k–e turbulence model and Ergun equation is applied to simulate the gas-flow behaviour in a Z-path-moving bed. Especially, the effect of the angle of the inclined perforated plates was investigated. The simulation result was agreed well with the experimental data, which demonstrated the reliability of the model. The simulation disclosed that, in a Z-path moving bed, with the enlargement of angle of the inclined perforated plates, the pressure drop reduced and the fact that gas flow towards the high end of the above perforated plate was enhanced.

Electrochemical Characteristics of Ti/SnO2+Sb2O3/PbO2 Anode for the Oxidation of Cr3+ in Sulfuric Acid Solution

WANG Ya-qiong; CHEN Chang-ping; TONG Hong-yang; XU Wen-lin

. 2001, 1(2):  0-0. 

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Based on the Stokes formula and Lambert–Beer Law, a series of recurrence formulae were advanced to calculate particle size distribution from the data obtained by disc centrifuge photosedimentation, with the effect of extinction efficiency of particles and the radial dilution during sedimentation considered. The experimental results show that the calculation process is simple and the result is accurate. This method can be also used for particle sedimentation in gravitational field.

Behavior of the Gas-granule Plug Flow along a Horizontal Pipeline

GUO Yan; YI Jiang-lin; JIN Yong; YU Zhi-qing

. 2001, 1(2):  0-0. 

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The investigation on the horizontal plug flow of polypropylene granules was conducted in a dense-phase pneumatic conveying system with pipeline of 50 mm in diameter, 11 m of vertical section and 19 m of horizontal section. The mini-pressure drop sensor and solid pipeline section concentration detector were used. It is found that the length of plug moving in the pipeline changes with time. The profiles of cross-sectional solid average concentration and pressure gradient along plugs vary with the gas velocity. The pressure drop across the plug is proportional to the square of plug length and independent of the gas velocity.

Effect of Additive Elements on the Performance of the Zr1-xTix(NiCoMnV)2.1 Hydrogen Alloy Electrode

YU Bo; WEN Ming-fen; ZHAI Yu-chun; TIAN Yan-wen

. 2001, 1(2):  0-0. 

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Zr1-xTix(NiCoMnV)2.1 hydrogen alloy electrodes are prepared by adding different conductors, binders and additives. The discharging capacity is tested for each electrode. The results show that the properties of the Zr1-xTix(NiCoMnV)2.1 hydrogen alloy electrode with nickel conductor are apparently better than that of the electrode with carbon black. The electrode with nickel conductor and Ag additive is the best, the first time discharging capacity of this electrode can be up to 215 mA×h/g, and plateau value is about 90%.

Synthesis of Carboxymethylated mPEG and Its Modification of α-interferon

HU Xiao-jian; HE Ming-lei; TAN Tian-wei; MA Guang-hui

. 2001, 1(2):  0-0. 

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Research was undertaken to produce ethyl-glucoside by catalysis of ion exchange resin in heterogeneous systems and to determine effects of catalyst type, size, stirring speed and temperature on conversion. 89% of conversion was obtained under the conditions: temperature 78oC, ratio of resin to glucose 1:1, reaction time 20 h. The effective separation of glucoside from glucose was achieved by column chromatography.

Variation of Surface Tension of Sodium Aluminate Solution with Electrolytic Microstructure

WANG Ya-jing; ZHAI Yu-chun; TIAN Yan-wen; HAN Yue-xin; LIU Lian-li

. 2001, 1(2):  0-0. 

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In the present study, by solving turbulent flow of molten metal and inclusion trajectory, the rising velocity of inclusion in molten steel was calculated, and the behavior of moving inclusion in the slab continuous casting mould was studied numerically. The predicted result was validated experimentally. The numerical results show that the larger the diameter of the inclusion, the greater the effect of the buoyancy, the shorter the penetration depth, the less the residence time in the mould, and the higher removal rate of the inclusion. The vertical depth of the continuous

Properties of Ionic liquids and Its Applications in Catalytic Reactions

WANG Jun-feng; ZHANG Suo-jiang; CHEN Hui-ping; LI Xian; ZHANG Mi-lin

. 2001, 1(2):  0-0. 

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The relation of the optimum amount of additive with the composition of silica based vanadium ore roasted with calcium compounds for was studied. A calculating formula for the roasting load was proposed. The roasting mechanism was explored and it is believed that vanadium exists in the calcifying roasted ore mainly in form of calcium silicon vanadate.