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过程工程学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (4): 373-382.DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.220108

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

典型过程强化技术在纳米材料制备中的应用进展

宋春雨1,聂普选2,马守涛3,任国瑜4*   

  1. 1.重庆化工职业学院化学工程学院,重庆 401228 2.中国石油庆阳石化公司,甘肃 庆阳 745000 3.中国石油石油化工研究院大庆化工研究中心,黑龙江 大庆 163714 4.榆林学院化学与化工学院,陕西 榆林 719000
  • 收稿日期:2020-03-27 修回日期:2020-05-25 出版日期:2021-04-22 发布日期:2021-04-28
  • 通讯作者: 任国瑜 625503913@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    面向兰炭尾气余热利用的换热器自清洁表面构筑及防结焦机理研究;面向兰炭尾气余热高效利用的传热过程强化与机理研究;金属配合物基自清洁疏油表面构筑及其对换热器强化传热机制的研究;自旋式内构件管式换热器传热强化研究

Application progress of typical process intensification technologies applied for nanomaterials preparation

Chunyu SONG1, Puxuan NIE2, Shoutao MA3, Guoyu REN4*   

  1. 1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Chongqing Chemical Industry Vocational College, Chongqing 401228, China 2. PetroChina Qingyang Petrochemical Company, Qingyang, Gansu 745000, China 3. PetroChina Daqing Petrochemical Research Center, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163714, China 4. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yulin University, Yulin, Shaanxi 719000, China
  • Received:2020-03-27 Revised:2020-05-25 Online:2021-04-22 Published:2021-04-28

摘要: 纳米材料被誉为21世纪的新材料,广泛应用于化工、电子、国防、陶瓷等领域。传统的纳米材料制备方法面临粒径控制较困难、批次间重复性差,存在放大效应等不足。过程强化技术是化学工程学科的研究前沿和热点方向之一,旨在通过在生产过程中采用新工艺、新设备等手段,实现缩减操作单元、减小设备体积、提高生产能力及能量利用效率的目的,是实现化工过程安全、高效、绿色的重要途径。过程强化技术不仅在制备时间和能源利用效率等方面明显优于常规方法,还可以得到特殊形态和性能的纳米材料。过去二十年中,过程强化技术广泛应用于纳米材料的小试和规模化制备,并取得了良好的经济及社会效益,引起越来越多科学研究者的重视。本工作以超重力、微化工、微波、超声、等离子体技术、离子液体为代表,综述了过程强化技术在纳米材料制备领域中的应用及相关研究的最新进展,结合实例对不同领域进行了概述,分析总结了各领域的优势和特点,讨论了在快速发展的纳米材料制备领域中存在的机遇和挑战,并展望了其未来的应用前景。

关键词: 纳米材料, 过程强化, 超重力技术, 微化工技术, 超声技术, 微波技术, 等离子体技术, 离子液体

Abstract: Nanomaterials, regarded as the new materials of the 21st century, have been applied in the fields of chemical, electronics, defense, ceramics, etc. Traditional nanomaterial preparation methods have difficulties in particle size control, poor repeatability, and scale-up effect of industrial application. Process intensification (PI) technology is one of the highly promising directions in the chemical engineering field. PI technology is aiming for the goal of reducing operation unit, decreasing equipment volume, increasing production capacity, and improving energy utilization efficiency by adopting new equipments and new processes for the chemical industry, because the new process may lead the chemical industry to be more safe, friendly and efficient. Therefore, PI technology was superior to conventional methods. Through adjusting preparation time and energy efficiency, nanomaterials with particular morphology and properties could be obtained in some instances. In the past two decades, process intensification has been widely used for nanomaterial preparation, obtaining economic and social benefits, which has attracted more and more attention from scientific researchers. In this work, combining some typical examples, the recent developments in using PI technology for the preparation of nanomaterials as well as their related applications were reviewed, the characterizations and advantages of macrostructure chemical process were summarized, applications of process intensification technologies, such as hypergravity, micro chemical engineering, plasma, ultrasound, microwave, and ionic liquid, for the preparation of nanomaterials were reviewed and prospects were also discussed.

Key words: Nanomaterials, Process intensification, HiGee, Microchemical, Ultrasound, Microwave, Plasma, Ionic liquid