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过程工程学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (9): 1297-1304.DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.221342

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

油水分离膜表面结构可控合成及性能研究

王瑶1， 曾子康2,3， 李秋雯2， 刘敏1， 庞雨竹4， 张成富1， 梁玉军3， 韩永生2*
  

  1. 1. 中海油能源发展股份有限公司工程技术分公司，天津 300452 2. 中国科学院过程工程研究所，北京 100190 3. 中国地质大学材料与化学学院，湖北 武汉 430074 4. 华东理工大学材料科学与工程学院，上海 200237
  • 收稿日期:2021-10-28 修回日期:2022-01-19 出版日期:2022-09-28 发布日期:2022-10-09
  • 通讯作者: 韩永生 yshan@ipe.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:王瑶(1985-)，女，高级工程师，研究方向：井下油水分离，E-mail: wangyao2@cnooc.com.cn；通讯联系人，韩永生，E-mail: yshan@ipe.ac.cn.
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目;多相复杂系统国家重点实验室项目

Rational construction of hydrophobic interface to separate oil from water

Yao WANG1,  Zikang ZENG2,3,  Qiuwen LI2,  Min LIU1,  Yuzhu PANG4,  Chengfu ZHANG1, Yujun LIANG3,  Yongsheng HAN2*   

  1. 1. Technical Service Branch, China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC) Energy Technology & Services Limited Company, Tianjin 300452, China 2. Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, China 3. Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China 4. School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
  • Received:2021-10-28 Revised:2022-01-19 Online:2022-09-28 Published:2022-10-09
  • Contact: Yongsheng Han yshan@ipe.ac.cn

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摘要： 石油开采过程中会产生大量的油水混合物，每天生产生活中也会产生大量含油废水，如何处理这些油水混合物，是环境保护和可持续发展的重大需求。针对含油量较高的油水混合物，本工作制备了疏水-超亲油分离膜。以机械性能较好的泡沫镍为过滤基体，采用电沉积方法，在泡沫镍表面沉积铜颗粒，构筑亲油疏水表面。研究了沉积电位和沉积时间对表面结构的影响，并测试了分离膜表面结构、表面粗糙度及水滴在膜表面的接触角，并对所制备的分离膜进行油水分离性能测试和多次循环的稳定性测试。结果表明，所制备的分离膜具有良好的循环分离性能，对于油水混合物循环十次后分离效率仍在90%以上。本研究为高效油水分离膜材料开发提供了新思路，并拓展了电化学表面改性的应用领域。

关键词: 泡沫镍, 表面结构, 电化学, 传质受限, 油水分离

Abstract: A mass of oil-water mixture is generated in oil exploitation, and a large amount of oil-water wastewater is produced in our daily life. If these oily wastewaters are not treated effectively, direct discharge would cause serious damage to the natural ecology. How to deal with these oil-water mixtures is a critical issue of environmental protection and sustainable development. Due to the different composition and dispersion form of oily wastewater, and the harsh condition in the actual treatment process, the separation method should be selected to satisfy the separation requirements. Membrane separation is a common oil-water separation method. The separation principle is based on the different affinity of oil and water to the solid film surface. However, due to the diversity of separation environments and the limited mechanical properties of membrane materials, membrane separation has encountered kinds of challenges in industrial applications, especially for the high concentration of oil in water. In this work, nickel foam with good mechanical properties is used as filtration materials, and nano-structures are constructed on its surface to enhance the roughness of substrate surface and the underwater oil-repellency, so as to improve the oil-water separation performance. By electrochemical deposition method, copper particles are deposited on the surface of nickel foam. The surface structure and properties of the separation film are characterized by X-ray diffractometer, surface roughness tester and contact angle tester. The oil-water separation property to different kinds of oil and the stability of the prepared separation film are tested. The results show that the membrane has a high separation efficiency for different kinds of oil and good cycling separation performance, and the separation efficiency is more than 95% after ten cycles. This study shows the effectiveness of surface engineering in the development of efficient membrane for oil-water separation, and expands the applications of electrodeposition approach to surface modification.

Key words: Nickel sponge, Surface structure, Electrochemistry, Diffusion limitation, Oil and water separation