关键词: 静电纺丝, 纳米纤维膜, 空气过滤, PM2.5

Abstract: It has been proved by long-term practice that because the source of atmospheric aerosol particles is very wide, small size, the composition is very complex, the harm to the environment and human health is very serious. Although the government has taken a series of effective measures to control the pollution sources, it still takes a long time to completely solve the PM2.5 pollution problem. If the public wants to reduce the harm caused by particulate matter, specific measures must be taken to conduct individual protection and indoor air purification. At present, the simplest and most effective method for individual protection and indoor air purification is to filter the particles in the air through fiber filtration materials, thus reducing their content in the air. However, traditional fiber filtration materials have the disadvantages of low filtration efficiency, high filtration pressure drop and high energy consumption in the process of use. Meanwhile, filtration fibers with high filtration efficiency are often accompanied by higher filtration resistance. In order to develop high efficiency and low resistance fiber membrane for air filtration, polyacrylonitrile (PAN) electrospinning nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning. In the preparation process, the mass fraction of PAN and the duration of electrospinning were changed, and the electrospinning nanofiber films with different morphologies and filtration properties were obtained. The morphologies and filtration properties of electrostatic spinning nanofibers were tested and analyzed by field emission scanning electron microscopy and filtration test platform, and the preparation parameters of the best performance PAN electrostatic spinning nanofiber membranes were obtained with PAN mass fraction of 9wt%, electrospinning time of 5.0 h. Under the optimum condition, the film thickness of electrospinning nanofibers was 0.0240 mm, the average fiber diameter was 396 nm, the PM2.5 filtration efficiency was 99.99%, the filtration pressure drop was 67 Pa, and the highest quality factor was 0.137 Pa-1.

Key words: electrospinning, nanofiber membrane, air filtration, PM2.5