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过程工程学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (5): 734-743.DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.222117CSTR: 32067.14.jproeng.222117

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

干法电石渣杂质赋存及高效分离研究

杨悦1， 朱干宇1*， 孟子衡1， 刘鑫辉2， 杨靖3， 颜坤1， 彭宗贵2， 王秋剑3， 李会泉1,4   

  1. 1. 中国科学院过程工程研究所，中科院绿色过程与工程重点实验室，战略金属资源绿色循环利用国家工程研究中心，北京 100190 2. 华能沁北发电有限责任公司，河南 济源 454650 3. 北京亘源环保有限公司，北京 101300 4. 中国科学院大学化学工程学院，北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2022-04-02 修回日期:2022-06-28 出版日期:2023-05-28 发布日期:2023-06-01
  • 通讯作者: 朱干宇 gyzhu@ipe.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划资助项目;国家自然科学基金项目;中国科学院绿色过程制造创新研究院自主部署项目;中国科学院青年创新促进会资助项目;华能集团科技项目

Research on impurity occurrence and high-efficient separation of dry process calcium carbide slag

Yue YANG1,  Ganyu ZHU1*,  Ziheng MENG1,  Xinhui LIU2,  Jing YANG3,  Kun YAN1,   Zonggui PENG2,  Qiujian WANG3,  Huiquan LI1,4   

  1. 1. CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, National Engineering Research Center of Green Recycling for Strategic Metal Resources, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China 2. Huaneng Qinbei Power Generation Co., Ltd., Jiyuan, Henan 454650, China 3. Beijing Genyuan Environmental Protection Co., Ltd., Beijing 101300, China 4. School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
  • Received:2022-04-02 Revised:2022-06-28 Online:2023-05-28 Published:2023-06-01

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摘要： 电石渣中Ca(OH)2含量达到了80%以上，针对电石渣中包含的大颗粒杂质影响其资源化利用的问题，采用了XRD, XRF, XPS, FTIR和化学分析等方法对杂质组分进行了系统分析，采用短程气固高效分离工艺对电石渣进行旋风分离，研究了旋风分离过程对杂质的分离效果和产品应用的影响。结果表明，电石渣中的碳主要以碳单质和碳酸盐形式存在，铝硅多以铝硅酸盐形式存在，硫主要以硫酸盐、硫化物和硫醇的形式存在；旋风分离后电石渣中粗颗粒显著富集，铁在粗渣中富集现象显著，铝硅和钙组分未富集，细渣中酸不溶物含量显著减少。利用电石渣制备活性氧化钙，旋风分离细渣所制备的氧化钙产品抗压强度达到了5.1 MPa，相对于原渣和旋风分离粗渣均提高了约50%；细渣制备的活性氧化钙产品中酸不溶物质量分数与原渣和粗渣相比也显著降低，为0.46wt%。本研究为电石渣的杂质分析及工业化应用提供了依据。

关键词: 干法电石渣, 分离, 杂质赋存规律, 氧化钙, 化学分析

Abstract: In order to improve the comprehensive utilization rate of calcium carbide slag and solve the separation problem of impurities, this work focuses on the impurity composition and occurrence form of calcium carbide slag. Cyclone separation process was used to separate the impurities from calcium carbide slag efficiently through a physical short range. The composition and occurrence form of calcium carbide slag were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and chemical analysis. Finally, the properties of activated calcium oxide products prepared from raw slag, fine slag, and coarse slag were compared. The results showed that the cyclone separation can effectively separate the coarse particles and ferrosilicon components in the calcium carbide slag. The content of particles larger than 106 μm in the coarse slag was 35.21wt%, and the amount were only 0.40wt% and 0.11wt% in the raw slag and fine slag, respectively. The iron enrichment phenomenon in the coarse slag was remarkable, and the content increased from 0.25wt% to 1.14wt%. The content of acid insoluble matter in the fine slag was significantly reduced. The occurrence formed of impurities in calcium carbide slag were not changed during cyclone separation process. Element of carbon mainly existed in the form of simple substance and carbonate, aluminum and silicon mostly existed in the form of aluminosilicate, and sulfur mainly existed in the form of sulfate, sulfide, and mercaptan. The compressive strength of calcium oxide products prepared with fine slag as raw material can reach 5.1 MPa, which was about 50% higher than that of raw slag and coarse slag.

Key words: dry process carbide slag, separation, impurity occurrence law, CaO, chemical analysis