Abstract: Oxygen-rich leaching of sphalerite concentrate under normal pressure in a reactor was carried out. The optimal processing conditions were achieved as follows: particle size of more than 92% minus 44 mm, temperature of 373 K, agitator speed of 800 r/min, ratio of liquid to solid 5 mL/g, initial zinc concentration of leaching solution of 0.76 mol/L, ratio of sulfuric acid concentration to zinc concentration H2SO4/Zn at 1.27, oxygen partial pressure of 0.3 MPa, and leaching time of 5 h. The leaching rate of zinc was above 95%. The technological mineralogy of sphalerite concentrate and leaching residue was studied. The results indicated that the main reaction during leaching of sphalerite was ZnS+2H+?Zn2++H2S. The sulfuretted hydrogen was oxidized to sulfur.

Key words: sphalerite, oxygen-rich leaching under normal pressure, reaction mechanism

摘要： 研究了反应釜中闪锌矿精矿常压富氧浸出过程，得出了最佳浸出条件：精矿粒度<44 mm的大于92%，浸出温度373 K，转速800 r/min，浸出液固比5 mL/g, [Zn]始=0.76 mol/L，酸锌摩尔比H2SO4/Zn=1.27，氧分压pO2=0.3 MPa，浸出时间5 h. 在此条件下，锌的浸出率大于95%. 对锌精矿和浸出渣的工艺矿物学研究结果表明，闪锌矿等主要矿物的浸出过程以生成H2S的反应为主，H2S再被氧化成元素硫，从而实现矿物的浸出.

关键词: 闪锌矿, 常压富氧浸出, 反应机理