Abstract: Compared with traditional mechanical mixing method, monodisperse and uniform microspheres with controllable morphology can be obtained by microfluidic technology. The mechanism of this technology and its applications in the fields of drug carrier, cell carrier, separation matrix, food manufacturing and enzymology are reviewed. In addition, the effects of material and shape of microfluidic device, property of liquids used for experiment on the formation of particles are mainly discussed. Avoiding phase inversion by modifying the inner wall of microchannel and controlling continuous phase are pointed. Moreover, controlling the shape of microspheres by means of changing the dimensions of microchannels and continuous phases are also shown. Furthermore, some novel prospects of this promising technology are briefly discussed.

Key words: microfluidic-device, monodispersibility, controllable morphology, phase inversion, microspheres

摘要： 与传统机械搅拌法相比，微流控装置制备微球技术可制备出单分散性好、粒径和形态可控的微球. 本文综述了该技术制备微球的原理及其在给药载体、细胞载体、分离介质、食品加工和酶制剂等领域的应用，重点分析了微通道材质、形状及实验流体对制备微球的影响，指出通过修饰微通道内壁、控制连续相可避免相的倒置现象，通过控制微通道尺寸、调节连续相流速可控制乳滴形状，最后展望了该技术的发展前景.

关键词: 微流控装置, 单分散性, 形态可控, 相的倒置, 微球