Abstract: To resolve the problems of low resource utilization efficiency in China's current furfural manufacturing industry, the production process of furfural by high-temperature dilute-acid hydrolysis of corncobs was optimized through single factor and orthogonal experiments, with injecting water into an autoclave by a constant-flux pump. The effects of residence time, sulfuric acid concentration, temperature, interaction of sulfuric acid concentration and temperature, and ratio of liquid to solid on the yield of furfural were investigated. The results indicated that the order of influential factors on the yield of furfural within the experimental range was obtained as follows: residence time>temperature>ratio of liquid to solid>sulfuric acid concentration. The optimal conditions were obtained with the yield of furfural and the consumption of water as the objective function. Under the optimized conditions of residence time 100 min, temperature 180℃, sulfuric acid concentration 0.5%, and ratio of liquid to solid 8:1, the consumption of sulfuric acid was lower, and the yield of furfural reached as high as 75.27%, 15%~20% higher than that of the current industrial process.

Key words: corncob, sulfuric acid, hydrolysis, furfural

摘要： 针对我国糠醛行业现存的资源利用率低的问题，采用高温稀酸催化玉米芯水解生产糠醛，利用平流泵连续向高压釜中通水，通过单因素和正交实验优化糠醛生产工艺. 研究了停留时间、硫酸浓度、温度、硫酸浓度和温度的交互作用及液固比对糠醛收率的影响. 结果表明，在实验范围内各因素对糠醛收率的影响次序为：停留时间>温度>液固比>硫酸浓度. 综合考虑糠醛收率和耗水量，确定的适宜工艺条件为：停留时间100 min，温度180℃，硫酸浓度0.5%，液固质量比8:1. 在此优化条件下，糠醛收率达75.27%，比国内现有玉米芯生产糠醛工业过程提高了15%~20%.

关键词: 玉米芯, 硫酸, 水解, 糠醛