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过程工程学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (1): 47-57.DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.222479

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

煤气化渣改性工艺及吸附Cd2+性能

徐颖1， 姚鑫毅1， 宋永红1， 孙一平1， 邹晶晶1， 郭春彬2,3*   

  1. 1. 辽宁工程技术大学环境科学与工程学院，辽宁 阜新 123000 2. 辽宁工程技术大学材料科学与工程学院，辽宁 阜新 123000 3. 中国科学院过程工程研究所湿法冶金清洁生产技术国家工程实验室，北京 100190
  • 收稿日期:2022-12-30 修回日期:2023-05-26 出版日期:2024-01-28 发布日期:2024-01-26
  • 通讯作者: 郭春彬 guochunbin@lntu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    辽宁省高等学校基本科研项目;辽宁省科技厅“揭榜挂帅”项目

Coal gasification slag modification process and its adsorption performance for Cd2+

Ying XU1,  Xinyi YAO1,  Yonghong SONG1,  Yiping SUN1,  Jingjing ZOU1,  Chunbin GUO2,3*   

  1. 1. College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin, Liaoning 123000, China 2. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin, Liaoning 123000, China 3. National Engineering Laboratory of Cleaner Production Technology of Hydrometallurgy, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
  • Received:2022-12-30 Revised:2023-05-26 Online:2024-01-28 Published:2024-01-26

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摘要： 以固体废弃物煤气化渣(CGS)为材料，通过水热法制备改性煤气化渣(MCGS)吸附材料，并用于吸附Cd2+。由于CGS吸附Cd2+能力较低，利用Box-Behnken响应面模型方法优化改性条件，X射线衍射仪、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪等表征CGS及制备的MCGS的物理化学性质。改性结果表明，MCGS最佳反应条件为碱度6.20%~8.10%、温度102~108℃和时间138~192 min，温度对MCGS吸附Cd2+性能影响最大。改性后Si-O-Si键断裂，MCGS表面含有丰富的孔隙结构，比表面积、孔容和孔径分别为255.08 m2/g, 0.24 cm3/g和3.72 nm；吸附结果表明，当Cd2+浓度50 mg/L、MCGS投加量为0.10 g时，Cd2+饱和吸附量为13.96 mg/g；当Cd2+浓度40 mg/L、MCGS投加量为0.20 g时，Cd2+去除率98.08%；MCGS对重金属Cd2+的吸附过程符合准二级动力学模型和Langmuir模型。本研究可为CGS处理含Cd2+废水提供理论依据。

关键词: 煤气化渣, 改性, 重金属吸附, Box-Behnken响应面法

Abstract: Modified coal gasification slag (MCGS) adsorption material was prepared by hydrothermal method, by NaOH activation to remove Cd2+ from aqueous solution. Due to the low Cd2+ adsorption capacity of coal gasification slag (CGS), the modification conditions were optimized by Box-Behnken response surface method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed the presence of amorphous "steamed bread" SiO2 and residual carbon peaks in the range of 15°~30° in the coal gasification slag (CGS). These peaks had broad diffraction patterns. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy showed that MCGS contained stretching and bending vibration peaks for the Si-O-T bond (where T is either Al or Si), indicating that the modified Si-O-Si bond had been broken and the vibration peak had increased. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed that the CGS mainly consisted of microbeads with smooth surfaces and flocculent or flaky blocks. The surface of the MCGS had an abundance of pores, with a specific surface area, pore volume, and pore diameter of 255.08 m2/g, 0.24 cm3/g, and 3.72 nm, respectively. The modification results showed that the best reaction conditions of MCGS were basicity 6.20%~8.10%, temperature 102~108℃, and time 138~192 min, and the temperature was the greatest influence on Cd2+ adsorption performance of MCGS. The adsorption results showed that when the concentration of Cd2+ was 50 mg/L and the dosage of MCGS was 0.10 g, the saturated adsorption capacity of Cd2+ was 13.96 mg/g; when the concentration of Cd2+ was 40 mg/L and the dosage of MCGS was 0.20 g, the removal rate of Cd2+ was 98.08%. The adsorption of Cd2+ on modified coal gasification slag follows a quasi second-order kinetic model, indicating that the adsorption of Cd2+ by MCGS was mainly chemical adsorption. The isothermal adsorption of Cd2+ onto the modified slag can be described well by the Langmuir model, indicating a monolayer adsorption process. This study can provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of Cd2+ wastewater with alkali-modified coal gasification slag.

Key words: coal gasification slag, modification, adsorption of heavy metals, Box-Behnken response surface method