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Published in last 1 year |  In last 2 years |  In last 3 years |  All Please wait a minute... For Selected: Download Citations EndNote Ris BibTeX Toggle Thumbnails Select Temperature sensitivity of methane hydrate formation in porous media near freezing point Jianzhong ZHAO Qiang GAO Dong YANG Chi ZHANG The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering    2021, 21 (11): 1355-1363.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.220367 Abstract （336）      PDF （1137KB）（104）       Knowledge map    Save Hydrate based technology is a potential approach for gas storage, separation, desalination, and carbon dioxide capture. At the same time, natural gas hydrate is also one of the potential important energy because of its huge resources. Most natural gas hydrates exist in natural porous media while it has unique properties in porous media. At the same time, with the increase of global temperature, the sensitivity of methane hydrate sediment has uncertainty on reservoir stability and potential environmental impact at low temperature. In this study, the formation process and kinetics of gas hydrates in silicon sand (0.1~0.5 mm) were investigated. The pressure and temperature profile, reaction rate, and gas uptake were studied at 273.75, 273.85, and 273.95 K. According to the change of temperature and reaction rate, the hydrate formation process presented three obvious stages. In different stages, the temperature and reaction rate showed unique characteristics, such as peak value, duration, and so on. At the same time, they were very sensitive to the reaction temperature. In the first stage, the peak value of temperature was the highest, but the duration time was the shortest. In the second and third stages, the temperature peak was gentle and the duration time was relatively long. The change of reaction rate was like that of temperature, the peak and average value of reaction rate decreased with the increase of temperature. The final gas content and hydrate saturation also slightly decreased with the increase of reaction temperature. The final saturation of hydrate, aqueous phase, and gas-phase was calculated in the pore of silicon sand. The analysis of the results showed that the commencement of hydrate growth was sensitively related to temperature, and the scatter of the onset of hydrate growth was greater at low temperatures. Related Articles | Metrics Select Analysis of thermal properties of paraffin/silver nanoparticle CPCM in cylindrical system Runjie ZHANG Bo LUO Zhongjie LI Guojun YANG Yixin LIN The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering    2021, 21 (11): 1364-1372.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.220349 Abstract （323）      PDF （1612KB）（158）       Knowledge map    Save Because of the latent heat of phase change, phase change materials (PCM) are used in thermal management in various fields. As a new energy source, lithium power batteries have been widely used in electric vehicles in recent years. As an effective passive cooling method, phase change cooling can effectively slow down the heat accumulation of lithium batteries. To apply phase change materials to alleviate the thermal runaway of lithium batteries, a paraffin/silver nanoparticle composite phase change material (CPCM) cylindrical system was established, and the phase change model and the volume of fluid (VOF) model were used to study the melting process of phase change materials. The change of the air/paraffin gas-liquid interface and the liquid phase distribution of the paraffin was obtained during the initial period, which was in good agreement with the experimental results. On this basis, the heat absorption and heat storage of the phase change process were analyzed. In the initial stage of melting, the bottom solid-phase heat storage was higher than the wall heat flux. As the liquid phase area expanded, the melting rate decreased, and the wall heat flux was basically the same as the solid phase heat storage of the PCM. After 360 s, the heat flux on the top wall and the solid-phase heat storage continued to decrease to zero. Simultaneously, simulations of paraffin/silver nanoparticle CPCM with different mass fractions showed that adding 0.5wt%~2wt% of silver nanoparticles can improve the thermal conductivity of paraffin, but the latent heat reduced. When the phase change process was over, the heat absorbed by the material was converted into sensible heat. The heat transfer on the bottom surface was reduced and energy mainly carried out through the vertical wall. Besides, the flow of the liquid phase during the melting process was analyzed. The liquid layer of the phase change material thickened, and the Nusselt number decreased and tended to stabilize. Increasing the silver nanoparticle concentration reduced the Nusselt number. Related Articles | Metrics Select Benchmarking analysis on energy efficiency performance of temperature swing adsorption carbon capture system Lijin CHEN Shuai DENG Junyao WANG Ruikai ZHAO Li ZHAO Shuangjun LI Zhihao GUO The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering    2021, 21 (10): 1225-1235.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.220264 Abstract （321）      PDF （1581KB）（156）       Knowledge map    Save An accurate and reasonable energy efficiency analysis is significant to the scale-up development of carbon capture technology. It is not only a preliminary preparation to the final energy-saving proposal of carbon capture technology, but also an important data basis to sustainable performance evaluation of carbon capture process with aims on green, clean and low-carbon. Therefore, in addition to exploring the mechanism on energy conversion of carbon capture process, it is urgent to establish a benchmarking analysis methodology of energy efficiency performance which features on easy-to-operate for the demand of engineering sector, so that the performance cognition of typical capture technologies could be accumulated and compared on a reasonable and unified evaluation platform. Based on the benchmarking analysis method, the methodology of energy efficiency performance on temperature swing adsorption (TSA) is presented, including processes, parameters, model, etc. The effect of adsorption temperature and desorption temperature on the energy efficiency performance of TSA was analyzed, the feasibility of proposed method is demonstrated and quantified, and the influence of boundary changes on the evaluation results was discussed as well. The proposed method could provide a generalized guidance to the benchmarking evaluation of energy efficiency performance of carbon capture with specific case. Related Articles | Metrics Select Analysis and optimization of air cooling performance of battery pack based on air volume regulated by filter plate Guangxin CHU Mengtao YU The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering    2021, 21 (10): 1236-1244.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.220283 Abstract （241）      PDF （1767KB）（121）       Knowledge map    Save With the global trend of advocating environmental protection, energy conservation and emission reduction, and low-carbon travel, electric vehicles have been vigorously developed. As the power source of electric vehicle, power battery pack is one of the core components of electric vehicle. At present, the mainstream battery used in electric vehicles at home and abroad is lithium-ion battery, which has the advantages of high power density and energy density, low cost, long service life and no memory effect. But its performance is greatly affected by temperature. Therefore, it is imperative to carry out thermal management of electric vehicles. Firstly, the capacity, resistance and temperature rise of 18650 lithium-ion battery were tested by building a test platform; then, the consistency between the simulation results of single temperature rise and the experimental results was compared; finally, the power lithium-ion battery pack model was established, through single factor analysis and orthogonal experiment, the effects of filter plate free area ratio, battery spacing, wind speed and battery bottom distance on the battery were studied. The influence of maximum temperature and temperature difference were studied. When the battery was discharged at 1 C, it was concluded that adding filter plate improves the consistency of temperature field of battery pack, and the temperature difference of battery pack was the minimum when the free area ratio of filter plate was 0.1, 0.9 and 0.9. With the increase of wind speed, the maximum temperature decreased,temperature difference of battery pack first increased and then decreased. With the increase of battery spacing, the maximum temperature of battery pack first increased and then decreased, the temperature difference first increased, then decreased and increased at last.With the increase of the distance from the bottom of the battery, the maximum temperature of the battery pack first decreased and then increased. Finally, the best combination of 6 m/s, 4 mm and 4 mm was obtained by orthogonal experiment, which decreased 22.5% and 74.8% respectively compared with the maximum temperature and temperature duffurence before optimization. Related Articles | Metrics Select Effect of moisture content and temperature on Chinese medicine residue pyrolysis characteristics Guanyi CHEN Xuhui QIU Qianqian GUO Jian LI Bin LIU Zeng DAN Beibei YAN Lei DONG Zhaoling ZHANG The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering    2021, 21 (9): 1108-1116.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.220193 Abstract （266）      PDF （3173KB）（130）       Knowledge map    Save It is very important to develop a clean treatment for Chinese medicine residue. In this study, Chinese medicine residue pyrolysis characteristics were investigated by pyrolysis in lab-scale fixed bed with thermo-gravimetric analyzer. The influence of moisture content and pyrolysis temperature on products distribution and their components and characteristics, as well as the distribution rule of N element in gas phase, liquid phase and solid phase were studied in detail. The results showed that the Chinese medicine residue used in this study was completely pyrolyzed in 650~850℃. Increasing the temperature in this range was beneficial to the pyrolysis process and improved the pyrolysis efficiency and the quality of combustible gas. Decreasing the nitrogen content in gas product and pyrolysis char while the content in pyrolysis oil increased. Reducing the moisture content can improve the pyrolysis efficiency. It caused the content of nitrogen compounds in the pyrolysis oil increased and promotes the migration of nitrogen elements to the liquid phase. During the drying of traditional Chinese medicine residues, the content of alkali metals was reduced, which affected the composition of pyrolysis oil. Increasing the pyrolysis rate can also affect the pyrolysis product composition and nitrogen distribution to a certain extent. This study could provide a theoretical basis for the development of pyrolysis technology of Chinese medicinal residues. Related Articles | Metrics Select Separation of low-concentration copper ions via the joint effect of electro-sorption and electrodeposition Meiqing HU Wei JIN The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering    2021, 21 (8): 976-984.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.220188 Abstract （403）   HTML （7）    PDF （1628KB）（154）       Knowledge map    Save Due to the significant importance in modern electronic devices and chemical products manufacture, considerable copper ions have been discharged into the global environment, which requires an effective way to remove and recover. Many conventional techniques have been explored, such as solvent extraction, ion exchange and precipitation. It has been demonstrated that electrodeposition is a promising way to recover copper ions as metallic products, however, it is difficult to directly use electrodeposition for copper recovery in acidic low-concentration copper-containing wastewater due to the performance of inefficient and time-consuming with low-quality products. To achieve efficient separation in the dilute wastewater system, a new stepwise method of electro-sorption and electrodeposition was proposed in this study. Initially, the ACF/CoS had been readily prepared as the low-cost and stable electrode, presenting excellent properties of a larger specific surface area of 33.2 m2/g and specific capacitance of 141.2 F/g at 5 mV/s. It can effectively recovery copper ions by electro-sorption method within 90 min, and the copper ion was concentrated from 30 mg/L to 500 mg/L after desorption and concentration process. Subsequently, it was connected to the turbulent reactor for enhanced electrodeposition, to overcome the bottlenecks of concentration polarization. The results showed that under the voltage of 0.25 V and the current density of 150 A/cm2, the recovery of copper ion can reach 99%, and the energy consumption was only 1.35×10?2 kW/h, which was 50% and 15% lower than the traditional electrodeposition and enhanced electrodeposition under the voltage of 0.40 V. Consequently, with the efforts of the effective electrode and improved mass transfer, the joint method of electro-sorption and electrodeposition exhibits a good prospect for the efficient treatment of low concentration metal wastewater and the recovery of low concentration metal ions. Related Articles | Metrics Select Optimization of CO 2 absorption process parameters of blast furnace gas based on response surface methodology Jinxing ZHANG Yang ZHANG Zhijia HUANG Liping ZHU The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering    2021, 21 (8): 985-992.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.220245 Abstract （300）   HTML （2）    PDF （1069KB）（148）       Knowledge map    Save In the practical engineering application of carbon capture and separation of blast furnace gas in steel plant, process parameter optimization is one of the effective ways to reduce the energy consumption of carbon capture system regeneration. In order to explore the influence of the interaction between the factors of carbon capture system on the regeneration energy consumption of regeneration tower, this work takes the blast furnace gas alcoholamine solution absorption CO2 capture system as the research object, combines Aspen Plus with response surface methodology (RSM) to study the lean liquid temperature, lean liquid load, and regeneration tower pressure on the carbon capture system regeneration energy consumption influences. The accuracy of the numerical model was verified by comparing with the experimental data in literature, on this basis, the Aspen Plus simulation data was used as a sample, and the regenerative energy consumption in the sample was used as the response value. The mathematical model was established using the response surface method to obtain the optimized parameter combination with the lowest regenerative energy consumption. The numerical simulation results showed that the lean liquid temperature, the lean liquid load, and the regeneration tower pressure all had significant effects on the regeneration energy consumption, and there was an obvious interaction effect between lean liquid load and regeneration tower pressure. The interaction between the lean liquid temperature and the lean liquid load and the lean liquid load and the pressure of the regeneration tower showed that the change of the lean liquid load and the pressure of the regeneration tower affected the energy consumption of regeneration. The response surface optimization obtained the best process parameters: the lean liquid temperature of 30℃, the lean liquid load of 0.24 mol/mol, the regeneration tower pressure of 1.80×105 Pa, regeneration energy consumption of 3.12 GJ/t, which was 28.4% lower than that of the benchmark experimental program. Related Articles | Metrics Select Molecular dynamics simulations of short-chain lithium polysulfides clustering in ionic liquids Tianyuan HU, Yanlei WANG, Feng HUO, Hongyan HE The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering    2021, 21 (7): 847-856.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.220221 Abstract （380）   HTML （8）    PDF （1273KB）（179）       Knowledge map    Save Ionic liquids have been widely used in lithium-sulfur battery electrolytes in recent years due to their excellent physicochemical properties and the ability to inhibit the dissolution of lithium polysulfides intermediates. Among those products during the battery cycling processes, insoluble Li2S and Li2S2 are inclined to aggregate and deposit on the electrode surface, affecting the battery performance. However, there are few studies on the microscopic mechanism of their clustering behaviors and electrolyte properties. In this work, the microstructure of Li2S/Li2S2 in ionic liquids and the formation of clusters were studied by DFT calculations and molecular dynamics simulations. From the optimized configurations using DFT methods, it can be seen that ionic liquids and Li2S/Li2S2 always tended to form a "cation-short chain polysulfide-anion" sandwich-like structures. By analyzing the microstructures of the molecular dynamics simulation systems, it can be found that the methyl group in side chain of cation mainly interacted with S in Li2S/Li2S2, and the Li-S interaction between short-chain polysulfides was much stronger than Li-O interaction in anions. The results of cluster size distribution showed that short-chain polysulfides were more likely to form large clusters in the [TFSI]-based ionic liquid, while the proportion of large clusters in Li2S2 system was higher than Li2S systems. Moreover, the tendency of forming large clusters increased with the concentration of Li2S/Li2S2. Additionally, stronger coordination ability of anions brought smaller proportion of large Li2S clusters. However, the configuration characteristics and interaction forms of anions-Li2S will also affected the sizes and structures of clusters. These understandings could provide theoretical guidance for future systematic studies on screening and designing ionic liquids electrolytes for lithium-sulfur batteries. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select Study on the catalytic degradation of dibutyl phthalate by ferric cerium bimetal in electric-Fenton system Yingjun ZHENG, Hailing MENG, Zailiang LIU, Han ZHOU, Junjie ZHU The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering    2021, 21 (7): 857-864.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.220135 Abstract （142）   HTML （75）    PDF （1211KB）（93）       Knowledge map    Save Dibutyl phthalate as a plasticizer is widely used in all walks of life. As an endocrine interferon, the pollution caused by it cannot be ignored, and it will harm the health of biology and human body. Because it is difficult to degrade effectively in common wastewater treatment processes, it is urgent to find effective treatment methods. As one of the advanced oxidation technologies, electro-Fenton has great advantages in treating refractory wastewater and has made many achievements. But the difficulty of electro-Fenton technology is to find an efficient and reusable catalyst. In this work, an efficient bimetal catalyst for the treatment of dibutyl phthalate in electro-Fenton system was studied. Aluminum modified bimetallic catalyst Fe-Ce/Al-MCM-41, was prepared by hydrothermal-calcination method using MCM-41 as template and characterized by XRD, BET and FT-IR. Taking dibutyl phthalate simulated wastewater as the treatment object, the effects of four different conditions, such as initial pH, catalyst dosage, current intensity and oxygen flux, on the degradation efficiency of Perth-carbon felt electro-Fenton system were discussed, and the best operation conditions were found. The characterization results showed that the loading of metal ions did not change the mesoporous structure of MCM-41, which provided sufficient active sites for the follow-up reaction. Under the best experimental conditions, the removal rate of 10 mg/L DBP was 97.1%, the removal rate under acidic and neutral conditions was more than 92.1%, and the removal rate of DBP was reduced under alkaline conditions. Through the comparative experimental analysis of the degradation mechanism, it was found that the iron and cerium bimetallic catalyst had good catalytic activity for the degradation of dibutyl phthalate in electric-Fenton system. Among them, iron ion and cerium ion participated in the catalytic reaction and had synergistic effect, while aluminum ion did not directly participate in the catalytic reaction, but the addition of aluminum ion can improve the catalytic performance of the catalyst. In addition, carbon felt as a cathode had a certain adsorption effect. The main active substance in the electro-Fenton system for the degradation of DBP was ·OH, degrades the target pollutants by the oxidation of ·OH. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select Kerf-loss silicon encapsulated with Zn/N co-doped carbon as anode material for lithium ion batteries Qiqi ZHOU Xuzhong GONG Zhi WANG Junhao LIU The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering    2021, 21 (6): 713-723.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.220143 Abstract （218）      PDF （2855KB）（92）       Knowledge map    Save Because there is still a long way to go before kerf-loss silicon can be reused for solar-grade feedstock, which requires that the purity of silicon reaches at least 6 N, it is meaningful and feasible to apply the kerf-loss silicon to the raw material for anode material used in lithium-ion batteries. In this work, the kerf-loss silicon encapsulated with Zn/N co-doped carbon mesoporous core-shell structure had been rationally designed and constructed. PDDA acts as a "glue" to bond phenolic resin and Si. It was believed that the introduction of PDDA can solve the problem that the heterogeneous nucleation of phenolic resin can not be realized on the surface of kerf-loss silicon, which may be caused by the larger scale and irregular morphology of kerf-loss silicon. The co-doping of Zn and N improved the conductivity of the wSi@NC/Zn-2 electrode and inhibited the occurrence of side-reaction. At the same time, the carbon shell could alleviate the huge volume expansion and accelerate the transportation of Li-ion. Thanks to the co-doping of Zn and N and the porous carbon shell, the obtained wSi@NC/Zn-2 electrode delivered a reversible capacity of 1392 mAh/g after 300 cycles at a current density of 0.2 A/g. When tested at a heavier current at 0.5 A/g, the wSi@NC/Zn-2 electrode still exhibited a reversible specific capacity of 1082 mAh/g. At the same time, the wSi@NC/Zn-2 electrode also showed a pretty good rate of performance. When tested at 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 0.5 A/g, reversible capacities of ~1704, 1345, 1157, 1038, 884, 752 and 1638 mAh/g were obtained. Once the current density returned back to the initial value, namely 0.5 A/g, the reversible capacity could reach 96% of initial discharge capacity, showing good capacity recovery capability. Related Articles | Metrics Select Effect of surface modification of activated carbon on its specific capacitance and mechanism of energy storage Dapeng WANG Baoan FAN Fen GUO Ya HU The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering    2021, 21 (6): 724-733.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.220124 Abstract （337）      PDF （599KB）（116）       Knowledge map    Save The surface of activated carbon was modified by melted sodium sulfide and its specific capacitance was evaluated by the cyclic voltammetry experimental data. The reason for specific capacitance changed with this treatment and the mechanism of energy storage were investigated by FT-IR, BET, EIS, and electrophoresis experiments. The results showed that the specific capacitance of activated carbon in 10% sodium sulfate electrolyte solution was elevated from 44.6 F/g to 80.8 F/g after treated with sodium sulfide at 1000℃ for 1 h. The increment of specific capacitance mainly came from double-layer capacitance and secondarily from redox pseudocapacitance (the ratio of pseudocapacitance to total capacitance was only 5.6%). After adding 37 mmol/L ferric chlorides in the electrolyte solution, the specific capacitance was further elevated to 103 F/g, in which the proportion of pseudocapacitance capacitance to total capacitance amounted to 12.6%. However, the capacitance value was unstable and decreased gradually during subsequent cycles, which may be caused by the electronegativity of the activated carbon surface. It had been verified by the electrophoresis experiment that the surface of activated carbon after heat treatment by sodium sulfide was positively charged. The law of same charge mutual repulsion lead to unstable adsorption of Fe3+ on the surface of activated carbon. However, if 30 mmol/L K3[Fe(CN)6] was added in the electrolyte solution, the specific capacitance was promoted to 126 F/g and kept stable, even slightly and slowly increased during subsequent cycles. The cyclic voltammetry curve showed that the specific capacitance at this time still mainly came from the double-layer and the EIS experiment confirms that the charge exchange resistance was dramatically reduced when the [Fe(CN)6]3– anion appeared in the electrolyte solution. According to the shape of the CV curve and the results of EIS, FT-IR and BET, it can be concluded that the energy-storage mechanism of activated carbon changed from physical double-layer to physical and chemical double-layer together with redox pseudocapacitance after treated by sodium sulfide. Related Articles | Metrics Select Impacts of operating parameters of closed-type heating tower on the performance of heat pump system Rong FENG Ye LIU Xin MENG The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering    2021, 21 (5): 601-608.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.220079 Abstract （306）      PDF （634KB）（127）       Knowledge map    Save The fan of the heating tower and circulation pump for the antifreeze solution of the heating tower are the main electrical equipment in the heating tower heat pump system, besides the compressor. By controlling the working frequencies of the fan of the heating tower and circulating pump for the anti-freezing solution, the effects of operation parameters of the closed-type heating tower on its heat absorption and the performance of its heat pump system were investigated under heating conditions in winter. The results indicated that, firstly, the reduced fan?s frequency leads to the heat absorption capacity of the heating tower reduced, as well as the system?s heating capacity and the COP. However, the SEER was increased. Secondly, the reduced frequency of circulating pump results in the heat absorption capacity of the heating tower increased firstly and then decreased, and the maximum heat absorption capacity was achieved when the frequency of the circulating pump was 25 Hz. In addition, the heating capacity of the system also increased firstly and decreased later, but with the fan?s frequency increasing, the frequency of the circulating pump which was related to the maximum heating capacity was altered from 35 Hz to 25 Hz, and the increase in frequency caused the COP increased but SEER decreased. Thirdly, when the frequency of the fan and pump dropped to 15 Hz, the evaporation temperature of the heat pump decreased, and it led the compressor works under a high compression ratio, which was not favorable for the safe operation of the heat pump. Fourthly, the maximum heating capacity exceeded 14.30 kW, the maximum COP was up to 3.31, and the maximum SEER was up to 2.37. Related Articles | Metrics Select Molecular size distribution characteristics of cellulose pyrolysis bio-oil Yasi WANG Kaiyin ZHANG Huili LIU Baoping DING Min ZHENG The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering    2021, 21 (5): 609-616.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.220097 Abstract （279）      PDF （536KB）（131）       Knowledge map    Save The shape selectivity of molecular sieve catalyst is caused by the difference between the pore size of molecular sieve catalyst and the molecular size of bio-oil. The data of the pore size of molecular sieve catalysts are derived from crystal structural analysis, while the data of the molecular size of bio-oil are rather difficult to obtain. It is very necessary to estimate the molecular size of bio-oil. The pyrolysis of cellulose was carried out by prolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS), and the variation of the composition of cellulose pyrolysis bio-oil with the temperature was studied. The kinetic diameter of the components of cellulose pyrolysis bio-oil were calculated on the basis of Joback group contribution method, and the characteristics of molecular size distribution were analyzed. The results showed that cellulose pyrolysis bio-oil was mainly composed of anhydrosugars, furan derivatives and ketone compounds in the temperature range from 350℃ to 600℃. The kinetic diameter of cellulose pyrolysis bio-oil were mainly distributed in the range of [0.500, 0.600) nm. When the pyrolysis temperature increased from 350℃ to 600℃, the peak area of bio-oil molecules with the kinetic diameters in the range of [0.550, 0.600) nm decreased from 88.72% to 64.53%, and the peak area of bio-oil molecules with the kinetic diameters in the range of [0.500, 0.550) nm increased from 2.88% to 21.95%. For the preparation of high-quality liquid fuels by catalytic cracking of cellulose, molecular sieve catalysts ZSM-5, ZSM-11 and IM-5 with pore size of 0.500 to 0.600 nm can be selected. Related Articles | Metrics Select Ionogel electrolyte based TiO 2(B)@C/CNT//AC quasi-solid-state lithium-ion capacitors Bosen LI Jiahe ZHANG Lipeng YANG Jiajia LI Chunxian XING Haitao ZHANG Chin. J. Process Eng.    2021, 21 (4): 479-487.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.220150 Abstract （268）      PDF （1001KB）（149）       Knowledge map    Save Lithium-ion capacitors (LICs) are attracting extensive attentions owing to their high energy density, rapid power output, and excellent cyclability. However, one of the key challenges encountered by LICs is balancing the sluggish kinetics of intercalation electrodes against capacitive electrodes. In this work, a TiO2(B)@C/CNT nanohybrid electrode was synthetized by a microwave-assisted solvothermal method. The nanohybrids exhibited a high reversible capacity of 291 mAh/g and high kinetic characteristics. Subsequently, a polyimide (PI) membrane was prepared by electrospinning technique for the construction of a ternary ionogel electrolyte. The ionogel electrolyte exhibited high ionic conductivity and electrochemical stability. Notably, a quasi-solid-state lithium-ion capacitor (QSLIC) was assembled with TiO2(B)@C/CNT as anode, commercial activated carbon (AC) as cathode and the ionogel electrolyte. It delivered a maximum energy density of 83.1 Wh/kg and a maximum power density of 18338.1 W/kg at 60℃. Moreover, the electrochemical performances of the QSLIC exhibited an obvious temperature dependence. Related Articles | Metrics Select Study of removing heavy metals from acid mine wastewater with solvent extracting system of Mextral V10–Mextral 973H Xiaohui LI Xianbin AI Yongming WU Xiaoyan SUN Chin. J. Process Eng.    2021, 21 (4): 488-494.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.219338 Abstract （212）      PDF （807KB）（88）       Knowledge map    Save The mine drainage from mineral and metallurgical processing has complex composition and large amount of water. At present, the effect is not ideal and high cost of heavy metal removal method. In order to solve the problem of heavy metal pollution in mine drainage, a synergistic extraction method has been developed to remove and recover heavy metals from mine drainage, which could be used to the solution with the high acidity and low heavy metal concentration, and inhibit calcium and magnesium ions enter into extractant. A synergistic extractant of Mextral V10–Mextral 973H was obtained for the effective removal of Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+ and Zn2+ from the acidic wastewater by the analysis of metal extraction pH isotherms, FT-IR spectrum and UV–vis absorption spectra. The volume ratio of organic phase and water phase (O/A), the saponification rate of Mextral V10 and extracting agent concentration has been studied on the effect of metal ions extraction. The extractability percentage of Cu2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Pb2+, Mg2+ and Ca2+ were 99.1%±0.1%, 99.9%±0.02%, 99.5%±0.05%, 97.6%±0.03%, 10.11%±0.1% and 18.3%±0.05% respectively after sixth extraction continuously under the optimum experimental conditions of 10vol% (Mextral V10 and Mextral 973H) diluted in Mextral DT100 and Mextral V10:Mextral 973H=1:1, the residual concentration of Cu2+, Zn2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ in wastewater were 1.720±0.10, 0.256±0.03, 0.054±0.01 and 0.929±0.01 mg/L respectively, which were lower than the maximum allowable emission standard value of class Ⅰ pollutant in GB8978-1996. Related Articles | Metrics Select Response surface methodology for optimizing CO 2 regeneration in MDEA/PG rich solutions Weifeng ZHANG Juan LI Qiuhua WANG Chin. J. Process Eng.    2021, 21 (3): 353-362.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.219366 Abstract （296）      PDF （4271KB）（117）       Knowledge map    Save Post-combustion CO2 capture (PCC) facilities are set up at the power plants to reduce substantial carbon dioxide emissions. However, the significant energy penalty and high capital cost remain the most critical challenge hindering the large-scale application of amine-based PCC technologies. Also, CO2 enriched by amine-based scrubbing requires storage processes. To overcome the shortage of CO2 desorption process, a chemical regeneration process was developed in which uses Ca(OH)2 to capture CO2 from rich solution and fix CO2 in the form of CaCO3. The Box-Behnken Design methodology was used to optimize desorption conditions, including CO2 loading, Ca(OH)2 dosage, reaction time and stirring rate. The performance stability of the MDEA/PG was verified in multiple regeneration-mineralization dynamic cycle experiments under the optimal conditions. We further confirm the coordinated mechanism of carbonation reaction between CO2 and Ca(OH)2 using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The desorption-mineralization experiment was performed in a flask with three necks respectively. Acid titration was used to measure the CO2 loading of the liquid sample. XRD and TEM were respectively used to determine the composition of solid products and observe the micromorphology of carbonated products after regeneration. The CO2 loading, Ca(OH)2 dosage and stirring rate were the three key factors influencing the uptake of desorption rate. The optimal desorption conditions were CO2 loading 0.8 mol/L, Ca(OH)2 dosage 1:1, reaction time 20 min, stirring rate 800 r/min, and under these conditions, their desorption rate was 83.68%. The results of multiple desorption-mineralization cycle dynamic experiments showed that the regenerated solution of MDEA/PG desorbed by calcium method has good reusability. The results of X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscope after carbonation also confirmed that Ca(OH)2 can effectively mineralize CO2 and regenerate MDEA/PG. The chemical regeneration process can effectively reduce and reuse emitted CO2, thereby making CO2 a potential future resource. Related Articles | Metrics Select Study on NH 3-SCR denitration performance of rare earth concentrate supported Fe 2O 3 mineral catalytic material Zhaolei MENG Baowei LI Jinyan FU Chao ZHU Wenfei WU Chin. J. Process Eng.    2021, 21 (3): 363-372.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.219383 Abstract （300）      PDF （1498KB）（132）       Knowledge map    Save In this work, a series of mineral catalytic materials were obtained by using Bayan Obo rare earth concentrate rich in Ce oxide as the catalyst material, impregnated with ferric nitrate solution and microwave roasted. XRD, SEM, EDS, XPS and other methods were used to characterize the mineral phase structure and surface morphology of the catalyst, and to determine its denitration activity. The results showed that the rare earth concentrate impregnated in 0.5 mol/L ferric nitrate solution (Catalyst 3) had the best structural characteristics, the surface was rough and porous, and obvious and deep cracks appeared, which was conducive to the diffusion of gas on the surface of the material. Most Fe2O3 was embedded in the rare earth concentrate in a highly dispersed or amorphous form. The content of Ce3+ and Fe2+ were increased after immersion in ferric nitrate solution and microwave roasting. Active components Ce coexisted in the form of Ce3+ and Ce4+, Fe coexisted in the form of Fe2+ and Fe3+. The conversion of adsorbed oxygen and lattice oxygen increased significantly, and there were more oxygen vacancies for oxygen transfer. The change in the valence of Fe ions and Ce ions indicated that Fe and Ce had a combined effect to generate a small amount of Fe and Ce composite oxides. With the increase of medium and strong acid sites on the surface of Catalyst 3, the ability of the surface to adsorb NH3 increased, and its denitration effect was the best. When the microwave roasting temperature was 350℃, the denitration rate can reach 80.6%. Related Articles | Metrics Select Numerical simulation of combustion of CH 4 mixed H 2 and rationality analysis of premixed ratio Ke WANG Yindi ZHANG Chengjing WANG Yue XIN Chin. J. Process Eng.    2021, 21 (2): 240-250.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.220058 Abstract （516）      PDF （959KB）（223）       Knowledge map    Save The hydrogen-blended combustion technology is a new technology that mixes a specific proportion of hydrogen, in the fuel, to improve combustion efficiency and reduce pollutant emissions. This technology is considered to be an effective method in improving the overall energy produced. The principle of “power to gas” technology is to take advantage of the intermittent nature of both wind-generated and solar energy, by using the surplus energy for the production of hydrogen by the electrolysis of water. The hydrogen can then be combined with carbon dioxide to produce methane, or by direct addition to natural gas in the pipeline network, thus enabling large-scale utilization of hydrogen energy. The rationality of the application of hydrogen-blended combustion technology in gas boilers is based on a simplified mechanism of GRI-MECH 3.0 of methane combustion. This reaction contains 24 elementary reactions involving 17 components. In this work, a numerical simulation experiment was designed, where atmospheric air was the oxidant, and the oxygen excess coefficient was maintained as a constant. A total of eleven groups of methane/hydrogen premixing ratios Rf (0~1) were considered and the effects of differing hydrogen blending ratios on fuel combustion temperature, combustion rate, and main pollutant emission concentrations were studied. The results showed that, by increasing the hydrogen blending ratio, both the combustion temperature and the reaction rate increased. Similarly, the concentration and the total emissions of soot and CO decreased, while the concentration of NOx increased, however, the total emissions decreased first then increased. The mechanisms relating to the effect of hydrogen mixing on the combustion process and the resultant pollutant formation were also analyzed, concerning China's urban fuel gas interchangeability regulations and industrial pollutant emission standards, the optimal hydrogen blending ratio was determined to be 23%. Related Articles | Metrics Select Combustion characteristics and kinetics during co-combustion of bituminous coal in Linhuan Mining Area, Anhui Province and municipal sludge Ziwei XIA Liugen ZHENG Chuncai ZHOU Xiangping WEI Xianglin DONG Chin. J. Process Eng.    2021, 21 (1): 108-115.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.219375 Abstract （427）      PDF （623KB）（144）       Knowledge map    Save Coal samples from coal-fired power plants and sludge samples from domestic sewage treatment plant were collected in Linhuan Industrial Park in Huaibei, Anhui Province. The co-combustion experiments of coal and sludge under different mixing ratios were carried out by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The kinetics analysis of the mainly weightlessness stage of fuel was studied by five reaction kinetics models, and the combustion characteristics of coal and sludge were revealed. Results showed that the coal sample had one weight loss peak at the temperature of 529℃ while sludge had three ones at the temperature of 140, 293 and 430℃, indicated that the combustion process of sludge was divided into three stages of weightlessness while coal only had one stage of weightlessness. The flammability index and combustion characteristics index of coal were 11.36×10–6 mg/(K–2•min) and 47.1610–10 K–3•min–2. Compared with coal, the flammability index and combustion characteristics index of sludge were lower, 10.74×10–6 mg/(K–2•min) and 13.04×10–10 K–3•min–2, respectively. The combustion characteristics of the reaction was increased by adding sludge to coal, and the mixing ratio was preferably 90 (coal): 10 (sludge). As the heating rate increases, the weight loss of coal and sludge decreases, and the burning weight loss rate increases. The DTG curves of all samples were shifted to the high temperature side, resulting in thermal hysteresis. During the fixed carbon burnout phase, the activation energy of the blended fuel was between the two kinds of raw materials, and decreased with the addition of sludge, which proved that the addition of sludge can effectively improve the reactivity of coal and promote its combustion process. Related Articles | Metrics Select Thermodynamic analysis of droplet nucleation causing liquid-phase precipitation in air-hydrocarbon mixture gas Shuxia YUAN Zhefeng ZHANG Yuguang FAN Xiong ZHANG Chin. J. Process Eng.    2021, 21 (1): 116-124.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.220017 Abstract （398）      PDF （610KB）（112）       Knowledge map    Save Air-hydrocarbon mixture gas is a combustible gas made by mixing the vaporized liquid light hydrocarbon and air with a specific ratio, which is a kind of clean fuel. However, the adopted light hydrocarbons are liquid state at standard condition, causing the high dew point of the mixing gas. In this work, the nucleation thermodynamic theory was used to study the phase transition or nucleation force caused by the changes of temperature and pressure on some zones, and the nucleation energy of droplets. The nucleation mechanism, nucleation energy and their relationships with the subcooled temperature and supersaturation of the air-hydrocarbon mixture gas were obtained from these studies. It was shown that the subcooled temperature and supersaturation required by phase transition or nucleation decreased with the increase of temperature and pressure. Although the subcooled temperature and supersaturation required for complete phase transition would unlikely be reached due to the fluctuation of the working condition, the subcooled temperature and supersaturation required for nucleation can easily take place. Therefore, it is important to control the occurrence from nucleation to complete phase transition for preventing the formation of dew point. The research results provided the reference for the research on the safety of storage and transportation of air-hydrocarbon mixture gas. Related Articles | Metrics Select Effect of ferric ion concentration on atmospheric scorodite synthesis in As(V)-Fe(II)-Fe(III) system Fulian YUE Cailong SHEN Guangji ZHANG Chao YANG Chin. J. Process Eng.    2020, 20 (11): 1344-1352.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.219381 Abstract （440）      PDF （2745KB）（188）       Knowledge map    Save The present study is focused on the synthesis of scorodite (FeAsO4?2H2O) at 95℃ and initial pH 1.5 under atmospheric pressure. In particular, the effects of initial ferric ion concentration of the solution on the arsenic removal rate and the scorodite formation were investigated in As(V)?Fe(II)?Fe(III) system. The experimental results showed that the well crystalline scorodite was formed through oxidizing ferrous ions by air stream when there was no additional ferric ion in the solution, but only 24.3% of arsenic could be removed and the United States Environmental Protection Agency's Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure tests showed that the arsenic leaching concentration of scorodite was more than 5 mg/L, higher than the arsenic concentration limit set by the national standard. In all the experiments with the additional ferric ions, it was found that there was amorphous ferric arsenate formed in the heating process. The amorphous ferric arsenate was found to converted to crystalline scorodite in 8 h if the initial Fe(III)/As(V) molar ratio was not higher than 1.6. However, the crystallinity of scorodite decreased with the increase of additional ferric ion concentration, the arsenic leaching concentration of solid products decreased and the arsenic removal rate of the solution were improved. The results of the TCLP leaching test showed that at the initial Fe(III)/As(V) molar ratio of 0.8 and 1.6, the arsenic leaching concentration of the formed solid products were less than 5 mg/L, which could meet the emission standards, so that the solid products may be considered to be stable for safe disposal. Nevertheless, if the initial Fe(III)/As(V) molar ratio was higher than 1.6, the amorphous ferric arsenate could not convert to crystalline scorodite after 8 h. The arsenic removal rate decreased and the amorphous ferric arsenate was unstable for high arsenic leaching concentration. Experimental results suggested that adding appropriate ferric in solution containing arsenic and ferrous could contribute to forming stable scorodite and promoting arsenic precipitation. Related Articles | Metrics Select The diffusion law and distribution characteristics of high drop dust Yihua CHEN Mingyan GU Song CHEN Lianmeng GE Chin. J. Process Eng.    2020, 20 (11): 1353-1362.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.220008 Abstract （389）      PDF （1039KB）（120）       Knowledge map    Save In the process of ore drawing in high pass, a strong impact airflow will be formed, which will cause dust diffusion and serious underground environmental pollution. The effective treatment of the pollution has always been the focus of underground ventilation and dust removal. In this work, the diffusion law and distribution characteristics of dust in the process of ore pass drawing are explored by means of the combination of similar experiment and numerical simulation. By changing the experimental conditions of ore drawing quality, ore particle size, chute sealing degree, water content and other factors, the air flow size and dust concentration distribution under different conditions were researched. The CFD-DPM coupling method was used to simulate the gas?solid two-phase flow in the process of ore unloading, and the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of gas flow and dust concentration were studied. The results showed that the maximum dust concentration and wind speed increased with the increase of ore drawing quality, and decreased with the increase of particle size and airtight degree of ore pass. The higher the water content was, the smaller the dust concentration was, but the wind speed had no obvious changed. Moreover, the key factor affecting dust concentration was water content, followed by the airtight degree of ore pass, ore drawing quality and ore particle size. In the process of ore drawing, the collision between ore particles played a dominant role, and the particle flow presented a transverse distribution. Related Articles | Metrics Select New broaching exploitation method and feasibility analysis of marine gas hydrate reservoirs Zhen SONG Kaili LI Jiahang SUN Zhonglei Lü Chin. J. Process Eng.    2020, 20 (10): 1234-1240.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.219377 Abstract （368）      PDF （1417KB）（136）       Knowledge map    Save At present, the main methods for extracting natural gas hydrates are thermal extraction, vacuum extraction and chemical reagent extraction. They are mainly used for the development of diagenetic hydrate reservoirs in tight cap rocks, and cannot be used to extract shallow non-diagenetic hydrates that account for 85% of deep water resources. Taking the Shenhu area of the South China Sea as the mining target area, a new type of broaching exploitation method was proposed on the basis of solid-state fluidization theory. A three-dimensional model of broaching exploitation method was established, the working principle, working steps and stope distribution of the new technology were explained in detail, and a broaching tube was designed for broaching, collecting and transportation mining tools. Use the knowledge of geotechnical mechanics to analyze the shear stress of the goaf produced by the broaching exploitation method can ensure that the goaf does not collapse and obtain the maximum stope volume. The force analysis of the broached pipe according to the mining conditions ensured that the broached pipe can work safely and stably. Finally, the daily gas production of the broaching technology was estimated. The results showed that the larger the goaf radius and the mining angle were, the more obvious the shear stress concentration in the goaf. The maximum shear stress occurred at the start and end positions of the upper part of the goaf. The maximum stress of the broaching tube during the mining process was less than the yield stress of the material. The daily gas output of the broaching technology was estimated to be 142000 m3, which had practical application potential. Related Articles | Metrics Select Synthesis of polyacrylic-acid-modified Fe 3O 4@C core–shell microspheres for lithium-ion battery anodes and their electrochemical properties Lin ZHU Fangyu WANG Jie LI Yangzhou MA Guangsheng SONG Ailin XIA Chin. J. Process Eng.    2020, 20 (9): 1114-1120.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.219340 Abstract （464）      PDF （2158KB）（176）       Knowledge map    Save Owing to its long cycle life, high energy density, low self-discharge performance, good thermal stability, and insignificant memory effect, lithium-ion battery (LIB) has attracted research attention as one of the most promising energy storage devices. In this study, as LIB anode materials, polyacrylic acid (PAA)-modified Fe3O4@C core–shell microspheres were synthesized by a hydrothermal method using glucose as the carbon source, and their electrochemical properties were investigated. As-obtained samples were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy, thermal gravimetric differential thermal analysis (TGA–DTA), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The electrochemical performance was investigated, including cyclic voltammetry performance, cycle life, rate performance, charge-discharge cycles, and impedance curve fitting. The PAA-modified Fe3O4@C core–shell structure was successfully prepared. Uniform microspheres with a particle size of ~310 nm were obtained, in addition to a uniformly coated carbon layer with a thickness of ~30 nm. In addition, the Fe3O4@C core–shell structure effectively relieved the volume expansion during constant current charge and discharge cycles and prevented the rapid collapse of the crystal structure. A large number of carboxyl groups in PAA exhibited a surface modification effect on Fe3O4, effectively preventing particle agglomeration and ensuring good dispersibility. The effective carbon coating can improve the electrochemical performance of Fe3O4 as the anode material of LIB. The enhanced ionic and electronic conductivities were beneficial for its specific capacity, coulombic efficiency, and cycle stability. Moreover, the Fe3O4@C core–shell microspheres maintained a specific capacity of 655 mAh/g after a constant current charge and discharge cycle of 370 cycles at a current density of 100 mA/g; hence, Fe3O4@C core–shell microspheres can be considered as good candidates for application as LIB anode materials. Related Articles | Metrics Select Effect of different soaking time on catalytic performance of CuO/Cu@BC electrode for CO 2 reduction Yue ZHOU Xiaojing GUO Xuanjiang LI Lu GAO Feng HONG Jinli QIAO Chin. J. Process Eng.    2020, 20 (8): 989-996.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.219314 Abstract （558）      PDF （1401KB）（181）       Knowledge map    Save As an environmentally-friendly and cost-effective biological 3D carbon nanomaterial, bacterial cellulose (BC) has been gradually used in flexible electronics. However, the application of BC in electrochemical CO2 reduction (ECR-CO2) reactions is rare. Herein, to promote its applications in ECR-CO2, BC with a 3D network structure was used as a catalyst carrier, and a catalyst electrode (CuO/Cu@BC) supporting Cu and CuO nanocomposites was prepared by in situ chemical reduction. To investigate optimal conditions, the soaking time of the BC membrane was changed to achieve structure regulation. The results revealed that at a soaking time of 24 h, the CuO/Cu24h@BC electrode exhibited a high electroactive area (12 mF/cm2), providing a considerable increase in the number of active sites for CO2 absorption; this result was verified by investigation of the electrocatalytic activity and performance. The electrochemical impedance test revealed that the activation resistor of the electrode was small and that the activation energy was high, thereby improving the electron conductivity by building an efficient transfer highway for Cu and CuO. Scanning electron microscopy analysis of the morphology of the CuO/Cu@BC electrode revealed a uniform coverage in addition to the even decoration of nanoparticles (50~70 nm) on the top, facilitating the penetration of the electrolyte. On the other hand, the seaweed structure of the CuO/Cu8h@BC electrode and the adverse combination of the nanoparticles of the CuO/Cu16h@BC electrode were disadvantageous to the transformation of CO2. In terms of the product analysis by ECR-CO2, the CuO/Cu24h@BC electrode exhibited outstanding selectivity for CO with a faradaic efficiency of 52% at a potential of ?0.6 V vs. RHE in a 0.5 mol/L KHCO3 electrolyte. All the above results demonstrated that BC was superior as an efficient electrode substrate to support electrocatalysts for CO2 reduction and that the CuO/Cu24h@BC electrode exhibited good performance for the reduction of CO2 to CO. Related Articles | Metrics Select Modified zeolite-coupled activated carbon enhanced coagulation treatment of micro-pollution source water Yaqian MA Yanli KONG Lei DING Zhonglin CHEN Jimin SHEN Chin. J. Process Eng.    2020, 20 (7): 860-869.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.219287 Abstract （437）      PDF （1276KB）（207）       Knowledge map    Save In recent years, the water quality of drinking water sources in China is facing very serious situation, especially for micro-polluted water, and the existing water plant conventional treatment process cannot effectively ensure the removal of pollutants from the water plant, so it is necessary to use enhanced coagulation treatment technology, economically to improve the water quality, and to ensure the safety of drinking water is particularly important. The combination modified zeolite powder (MZ) coupling powder activated carbon (PAC) to enhance coagulation removing micro-pollution sources of ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), oxygen consumption (CODMn), UV254 and turbidity were studied using static adsorption and six-link mixer beaker experiments. Experimental water was taken from micro-polluted water sources in a city of south China, and the water quality was more seriously polluted with higher concentrations of soluble organic matter. The results showed that MZ increased the surface area and average adsorption aperture, the surface of MZ was rougher while the crystal structure of the MZ had not changed and the removal ability of NH3-N enhanced. MZ-PAC adsorption had the synergetic action for NH3-N removing, there was slightly antagonism for CODMn removal. MZ-coupled PAC to enhance coagulation significantly improved the removal of NH3-N, CODMn, UV254, and turbidity, with the treated water NH3-N<0.5 mg/L, CODMn<3.0 mg/L and turbidity<1 NTU. The different cast-plus methods of MZ and PAC influenced the enhanced coagulation treatment effect, and the best way to add PAC and MZ was in the early stages of flocculation, which avoided the flocs of MZ packages, strengthened the PAC on organic matter removal, and further improved the removal of NH3-N by MZ. Otherwise, the turbidity of the water increased, especially in the late stage of flocculation. Coupling enhancing coagulation results in lower the absolute value of Zeta potential and repulsion between colloid. Floc size increasing and sticky phenomenon made the resistant ability stronger. Related Articles | Metrics Select Performance of selective catalytic reduction of NOx over Ce-Fe/ZSM-5 catalysts for denitrification of gas turbines Dianer WANG Ling WANG Guolong GAO Xin XU Peng WU Yaping ZHANG Chin. J. Process Eng.    2020, 20 (6): 718-727.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.219285 Abstract （506）      PDF （1398KB）（140）       Knowledge map    Save An effective high temperature denitration catalyst hasn’t been proposed for gas turbine flue gas condition. Therefore, Ce?Fe/ZSM-5 catalyst was prepared to be used in denitration for gas turbine flue gas by impregnation method with ZSM-5 sieved as the carrier, Fe as the active component and Ce as the active additive. Based on the gas turbine flue gas condition, the physical and chemical properties such as denitrification performance, surface acidity and redox ability of the catalyst were systematically studied to research structure-activity relationship between catalyst structure and denitration effect. The results showed that when the Fe load was 4wt%, the NOx conversion rate of Fe/ZSM-5 catalyst was 77.11% at 550℃. The high temperature denitrification effect of Ce?Fe/ZSM-5 catalyst was significantly improved after Ce doping. When the Ce load was 1wt%, the NOx conversion rate remained at 95.92% at 550℃, the catalyst had excellent medium-high temperature catalytic activity, which was 18.81% higher than that of Fe4/ZSM-5. Moreover, the increase of oxygen content and NO2 concentration can improve the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) performance of the catalyst. The hydrothermal aging test showed that the catalyst had good hydrothermal stability. After aging at 10vol% H2O, 600℃ and 10vol% H2O, 800℃, the NOx conversion rate of catalyst was maintained about 90% in the range of 450?550℃. Characterization results indicated that proper cerium doping can promote the dispersion of iron oxides, enhance the content and strength of Lewis acid site, and increase the proportion of absorbed oxygen, the synergistic effect between Ce and Fe also improved the redox ability of catalyst at high temperature, these might be the reason for the better high temperature catalytic activity. Related Articles | Metrics Select Experimental study on the combustion of typical coal fuels in domestic decoupling stoves Jian HAN Xinhua LIU Jingdong HE Chin. J. Process Eng.    2020, 20 (6): 728-736.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.219258 Abstract （440）      PDF （536KB）（139）       Knowledge map    Save Burning bituminous coal, anthracite or semicoke in traditional domestic coal-fired stoves generally suffers from low thermal efficiency and large pollutant emissions, thus causing serious environmental problems. Decoupling combustion technology invented by the Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences combines the advantages of both traditional updraft and downdraft combustion modes, which can be used to suppress the emissions of multiple pollutants simultaneously and realize high-efficiency heating and cooking. In this work, in order to clarify the adaptability of domestic decoupling stoves to various civil coal fuels, the pollutant emissions and cooking power of a tested domestic decoupling stove were experimentally investigated by burning several kinds of civil coal fuels such as bituminous lump coal, anthracite lump coal, lump semicoke and bituminous briquettes. Further, the characteristic size of bituminous briquettes was optimized according to the pollutant emissions and cooking power of the tested domestic decoupling stove. The experimental results indicated that the decoupling combustion could facilitate the simultaneous suppression of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions because of the unique stove structure and draft type, as well as the reduction of sulfur oxide (SO2) and particulate matter (PM) by using clean briquettes from bituminous coal as the fuels. Briquette size had significant effects on the pollutant emissions of domestic decoupling stoves. If burning bituminous briquettes with optimized sizes in domestic decoupling stoves, the average NO, SO2, CO and PM emission concentrations at the baseline oxygen content of 9vol% were lower than 190, 300, 380 and 30 mg/m3 respectively, and the cooking power was high up to 1.65 kW. Related Articles | Metrics Select Numerical simulation of combustion process of petroleum coke partially substituting heavy oil in combustion space of float glass furnace Zhimin WANG Junlin XIE Shuxia MEI Feng HE Mingfang JIN Chin. J. Process Eng.    2020, 20 (6): 737-744.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.219278 Abstract （446）      PDF （1165KB）（137）       Knowledge map    Save The numerical simulation in the combustion space of a float glass furnace was carried out. Under the premise of ensuring the same fuel calorific value, the flow field distribution characteristic of heavy oil combustion and co-combustion of petroleum coke and heavy oil was studied. The results showed that the two fuels can co-fire well, and the temperature system in the furnace was basically unaffected. In contrast, the petroleum coke's ignition time was longer than that of the heavy oil, so the average ignition point of the fuel during co-combustion lags behind when only heavy oil was used and the flame was longer. When the fuel was co-firing, more O2 was needed, the combustion was not enough, and a large amount of CO was generated. Finally, the total NOx emission at the flue gas outlet was reduced by 30.02% compared with the case using heavy oil only, and the NOx emission reduction effect was obvious. Related Articles | Metrics Select Effect of low-rank coal pyrolysis conditions on combustion performance and kinetic characteristics of semi-coke for blast furnace injection Hao WU Chong ZOU Jiangyong HE Kai WANG Zhanwei LIU Shuai SHI Chin. J. Process Eng.    2020, 20 (4): 449-457.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.219199 Abstract （614）      PDF （578KB）（143）       Knowledge map    Save Taking the typical low-rank coal in northern Shaanxi as the research object in this work, the combustion performance and kinetic characteristics of semi-coke under different pyrolysis conditions were studied by thermogravimetric analysis, and the kinetic parameters were obtained using the Ozawa method. The average activation energy of all samples was obtained by the equal conversion method. The results showed that the lower the pyrolysis temperature and the shorter the holding time were, the better the combustion performance of semi-coke was; the larger the particle size was, the more obvious the difference in combustion performance was. The pyrolysis heating rate had little effect on the combustion performance of semi-coke. Pyrolysis temperature had a large effect on the combustion performance of semi-coke. 550℃ was the suitable pyrolysis temperature for preparing semi-coke with high combustion reactivity in this study. With the increase of the conversion rate, the activation energy of semi-coke prepared with two kinds of raw coal with different particle sizes decreased. When the pyrolysis temperature of 1~3 mm raw coal was 550℃, the semi-coke obtained during combustion conformed to the reaction order model. The chemical reaction was the limiting link, and the most probable mechanism function of the reaction was f(α)=(1–α)2. Related Articles | Metrics Select Effect of KF on the ignition and combustion characteristics of micron-sized aluminum powder in water vapor Wei SHI Yunlan SUN Baozhong ZHU Ying CHEN Junchao XU Siyi ZHANG Chin. J. Process Eng.    2020, 20 (4): 458-466.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.219247 Abstract （650）      PDF （1996KB）（143）       Knowledge map    Save Ignition difficulty and poor combustion efficiency are the disadvantages of micron-sized aluminum powder in application. To improve the ignition and combustion characteristics of micron-sized aluminum powder in water vapor, a homemade pipe furnace experimental platform was established to study the effects of potassium fluoride (KF) on ignition and combustion characteristics of 30 ?m aluminum powder in water vapor at 1000℃ in this work. The high-speed photographic system was used to record the ignition and combustion process of various samples. The product components, product morphology, and combustion efficiency were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and chemical analysis method, respectively. The results showed that the potassium fluoride addition into 30 ?m aluminum powder significantly decreased its ignition delay time. Compared with the aluminum powder with potassium fluoride addition of 5wt% (0.003 g), the ignition delay time of the aluminum powder decreased by 47.58 s than that of 15wt% (0.009 g). Pure aluminum powder cannot be ignited in water vapor at 1000℃, and the aluminum powder with potassium fluoride addition can be ignited. Because potassium fluoride reacted with water vapor to form KOH, which can react with Al2O3 to destroy the oxidation shell of aluminum powder, thereby accelerating the reaction between aluminum and water vapor, and promoting the ignition of aluminum powder. Moreover, the combustion efficiency of aluminum powder with addition of potassium fluoride increased considerably with the increase the potassium fluoride contents, and its highest combustion efficiency was 82.24%, which was 38.75% higher than that of the aluminum powder without potassium fluoride addition. The increase of potassium fluoride content can produce more KOH, which increased the damage effect on the oxide film and promoted the reaction of aluminum with water vapor, thereby improving the combustion efficiency of the aluminum powder. Related Articles | Metrics Select Chlorine migration characteristics in hydrothermal reaction of mixed plastics containing PVC Maolin YANG Tian LI Neng HUANG Peitao ZHAO Qingjie GUO Chin. J. Process Eng.    2020, 20 (4): 467-475.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.219253 Abstract （766）      PDF （852KB）（201）       Knowledge map    Save The high chlorine content in municipal solid waste (MSW) was caused by the large use of polyvinyl chloride (PVC). The efficient removal of chlorine, especially organic chlorine, by hydrothermal reaction was the premise to achieve harmless treatment and resource utilization of waste. The plastic components in MSW were complex and organic chlorine mainly came from PVC. Therefore, it was of great significance to study the factors affecting chlorine migration characteristics in PVC hydrothermal dechlorination. Two types of PVC (HB-65 and S-65) and polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) were selected as raw materials to explore the effects of PVC's own performance and hydrothermal conditions on chlorine removal and investigate the characteristics of chlorine migration in the hydrothermal reaction of mixed plastics. The results showed that PVC's own performance was the internal factor affecting the hydrothermal dechlorination. Hydrothermal conditions such as hydrothermal temperature, residence time and reactant concentration were the key external factors affecting the hydrothermal dechlorination. There was a synergistic effect in the mixed plastics hydrothermal reaction due to different thermal expansion. The addition of PP and ABS decreased the dechlorination rate of PVCHB-65 by 71.66% and 70.96%, respectively, and decreased the dechlorination rate of PVCS-65 by 19.05% and 18.15%, respectively. The addition of PE and PS decreased dechlorination rate of PVCHB-65 by 71.06% and 43.06% respectively, while increased the dechlorination rate of PVCS-65 by 8.20% and 46.70%, respectively. Related Articles | Metrics Select Ignition and combustion characteristics of Al–oleic acid/n-heptane-based nano-slurry fuel droplets Baoxin DAI Yanwu JI Siyi ZHANG Baozhong ZHU Yunlan SUN Chin. J. Process Eng.    2020, 20 (4): 476-483.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.219241 Abstract （673）      PDF （900KB）（151）       Knowledge map    Save The ignition and combustion characteristics of n-heptane, oleic acid/n-heptane mixed fuel, and Al?oleic acid/n-heptane-based nano-slurry fuel droplet which contains 20wt% nano-sized Al powder at different temperatures (600~800℃) were studied by a droplet suspension method. A high-speed camera was used to observe the ignition and combustion process of these droplets when the droplets were placed into the tubular resistance furnace. The temperature changes of gas phase around the droplets were recorded by a thermocouple, and the ignition delay times of the droplets were calculated according to the obtained temperature curves. The results showed that the additions of nano-sized Al powder and oleic acid into the n-heptane reduced the ignition delay time of n-heptane droplets. With the ambient temperature increase, the ignition delay times of n-heptane, oleic acid/n-heptane mixed fuel, and Al–oleic acid/n-heptane-based nano-slurry fuel droplets all decreased significantly, but the trend gradually became flat. The relationship between the ignition delay time of Al-oleic acid/n-heptane-based nano-slurry fuel droplet and the ambient temperature were described by the Arrhenius equation. Compared the combustion of Al?oleic acid/n-heptane-based nano-slurry fuel droplet with n-heptane and oleic acid/n-heptane mixed fuel droplets, the combustion process of Al?oleic acid/n-heptane-based slurry fuel droplet had significant difference. The combustion of Al?oleic acid/n-heptane-based nano-slurry fuel droplet had three stages: stable combustion stage of n-heptane, micro-explosion stage of n-heptane and micro-explosion stage of surfactant. Especially, the combustion process of Al?oleic acid/n-heptane slurry fuel droplet had long combustion time, and the flame was extinguished and re-ignited. In addition, the combustion process accompanied the severe flame deformation and sputtering of Al particles. In micro-explosion stage of surfactant, most of nano-sized Al powder form the agglomerates, then the formed Al agglomerates occurred redox reactions and burned completely. Related Articles | Metrics Select Effect of silicon-based binder on the performance of coated honeycomb catalyst Lin HUANGFU Changming LI Chao WANG Ping LI Yunjia LI Shiqiu GAO Jian YU Chin. J. Process Eng.    2020, 20 (4): 484-492.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.219200 Abstract （606）      PDF （2117KB）（103）       Knowledge map    Save Selective reduction reaction (SCR) has become one of the most promising methods to reduce NOx emission for decades, in which catalysts play a key role to achieve good denitration (DeNOx) performance. V-based extruded honeycomb catalyst shows great advantages in the denitration process of power industry due to its high activity and excellent tolerant to SO2 and H2O, and the catalyst cost is gradually reduced with the further development of this technology. For medium/small boiler with flue gas below 300℃, however, much more expensive V has to be used to achieve high activity at low temperature, which significantly increases the catalyst cost for extruded honeycomb. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a low-cost catalyst with excellent low-temperature activity. In this work, a coated honeycomb catalyst was prepared by impregnating V–W–Ti catalyst slurry with blank clay honeycomb as an inexpensive support, and characterized by XRF, XRD, BET, SEM, etc. The results showed that the binder had a great influence on the DeNOx activity and strength of the catalyst for different kinds of dispersants, binders and reinforcing agents. Particularly, the coated honeycomb catalyst prepared by the addition of binder B3 had best DeNOx activity and strength. The prepared honeycomb catalyst with B3 binder had a dense coating on its surface to give it good strength. Moreover, the DeNOx activity increased with the increased content of catalyst coating. The coated honeycomb catalyst prepared at optimized parameters could reach 20.3% NO conversion rate for one honeycomb single-channel, which was much higher than the commercial extruded honeycomb catalyst (18.1% NO conversion rate, single-channel). Compared with extruded honeycomb, the catalyst cost used for coating honeycomb significantly reduced. In addition, the results of abrasion resistance test predicted that the prepared coated honeycomb catalyst may work stably for 128000 h in the flue gas from coking plant, which showed great industrial application prospects. Related Articles | Metrics Select Safety analysis of stainless steel slag used to prepare foam concrete Hao ZHANG Hua CHEN Lei ZHANG Xiuyu LIU Chin. J. Process Eng.    2020, 20 (3): 347-353.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.219218 Abstract （518）      PDF （593KB）（76）       Knowledge map    Save Stainless steel slag foam concrete was prepared using the stainless steel slag, cement, fly ash, foaming agent and water as raw materials. Chemical composition, micro morphology, mineral composition, structural, free CaO content, grindability, internal exposure index and external exposure index, activity index of the stainless steel slag and foam concrete were tested. In addition, the main performance parameters of the prepared foam concrete, such as compressive strength, dry density and heat conduction coefficient, leaching concentration of heavy metals were also studied. The results showed that the stainless steel slag had certain cementitious activity and good grindability owing to mineral composition of Ca2SiO4. The internal exposure index and external exposure index of the foam concrete satisfied the requirements of the limits of radionuclides in building materials, although it contained Al and heavy metals of Ti, Cu, Pb, Ta, etc. The dry density was 597?621 g/cm3, compressive strength was 1.83?2.98 MPa after curing 28 d and heat conduction coefficient was 0.11?0.12 W/(m?K), which satisfied the requirements of foam concrete, when 25wt%?42wt% stainless steel slag was used in the foam concrete. The main heavy metals in the stainless steel slag mainly existed as stable solid metals. The leaching concentration of heavy metals from the foam concrete was much lower than the limit value of the identification standards for hazardous wastes. Therefore, it was safe and feasible to utilize the stainless steel slag to produce foam concrete. Related Articles | Metrics Select Effects of SiO 2 nanoparticle fillers on the performances of ionogel electrolyte and high voltage supercapacitors Jiahe ZHANG Chunxian XING Haitao ZHANG Chin. J. Process Eng.    2020, 20 (3): 354-361.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.219181 Abstract （597）      PDF （1410KB）（217）       Knowledge map    Save Quasi-solid capacitor composed of polymer gel electrolytes are thinner, lighter, cheaper, and more flexible. They can be used as energy devices for wearable and portable electronic devices, and have a very broad application prospect. In this work, the ionogel electrolyte separator was constructed by a simple solution casting method with silicon dioxide nanoparticles as filler. The effects of silicon dioxide nanoparticles on the ion transport were exploited. Based on the ionogel electrolyte separator, a quasi-solid capacitor was constructed, and the influence of silicon dioxide nanoparticles on the performance of the capacitor was evaluated. The electrolytes with different amounts of silicon dioxide were studied. The results showed that the addition of silicon dioxide did not change the microscopic morphology of the ionogel electrolyte, but it effectively improved the wettability and the ionic conductivity of the electrolyte. The electrochemical performance of the electrolyte with high silicon dioxide addition was more beneficial. The electrolyte exhibited the most excellent ionic conductivity when 8wt% silicon dioxide was added. Quasi-solid electric double layer capacitors were assembled using activated carbon as the electrodes and ionogel electrolyte as the separator. Because silica dioxide effectively promoted ionic conductivity and reduced electrolyte internal resistance, the addition of silicon dioxide improved the performance of activated carbon quasi-solid capacitor effectively, the specific capacitance increased nearly 15%. After 4000 cycles, the device?s specific capacity was maintained at 100%. Due to the excellent high temperature stability of the electrolyte, the quasi-solid capacitor maximum operating temperature up to 60℃. The specific capacitance of the device gradually increased with increasing temperature, and the energy density reached 81.36 Wh/kg at 60℃. This work provided an effective guidance for constructing a complex ionogel electrolyte-based quasi-solid supercapacitor. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select Co-combustion characteristics and kinetics of municipal sludge and rice husk hydrochar Cong YE Xianjun XING Xuefei ZHANG Tao CHEN Jiajia ZHANG Chin. J. Process Eng.    2020, 20 (3): 362-370.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.219210 Abstract （557）      PDF （943KB）（173）       Knowledge map    Save In recent years, there is very little report on the characteristics of the co-combustion between municipal sludge and biomass charcoal. Therefore, the thermal characteristics and kinetics of municipal sludge, rice husk hydrochar and their blends in the combustion process were investigated in this work. The mass percentages of rice husk hydrochar of in the blends were 10wt%, 30wt%, 50wt%, 70wt% and 90wt%, respectively. The experiments were performed via a thermogravimetric simultaneous thermal analyzer at different heating rates (10, 20 and 40℃/min) with a changing temperature ranged from room temperature to 1000℃. Meanwhile, the Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) method was used to calculate the reaction kinetic parameters during these combustion processes. The results showed that the mass of volatility, ignition and burnout index of rice husk hydrochar were all higher than those of municipal sludge and rice husk hydrochar had good combustion characteristics. As the ratio of mixed rice husk hydrochar increased, the residual mass of the mixture reduced and the ignition performance worsened, however, the combustion performance enhanced. And the correlation coefficient of the activation energy of the combustion of rice husk hydrochar, municipal sludge and their mixture were all higher than 0.95. When the ratio of rice husk hydrochar blended in municipal sludge was higher than 50wt%, the average activation energy of co-combustion was lower than the average activation energy of rice husk hydrochar burned alone, when the ratio reached 70wt%, the lowest average activation energy of 85.48 kJ/mol appeared. There was a synergistic interaction during the co-combustion process, and compared with other mixed rice husk hydrochar ratios, the co-combustion effect of samples was better when the ratio was 50wt%. The research results provided a preliminary theoretical basis for co-combustion of municipal sludge and rice husk hydrochar. Related Articles | Metrics Select Performance and mechanism of ozonation of bisphenol A Jiaoyu CHEN Guanhua MENG Wang WEI Baohe LIU Suyun DING Jiarui HE Chin. J. Process Eng.    2020, 20 (2): 230-236.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.219165 Abstract （888）      PDF （725KB）（192）       Knowledge map    Save The wide application of bisphenol A (BPA) affects all aspects of human life, and bisphenol A has potential harm to human health. Ozonation has a rapid rate of reaction in the degradation of organic pollutants and no secondary pollution. In this work, the degradation of bisphenol A in aqueous solution by continuous ozone from the ozone generator was studied. The effects of ozone concentration, influent flow rate, pH, initial concentration of bisphenol A and temperature on the ozonation of BPA were investigated. And the reaction mechanism of ozonation of bisphenol A was explored. The results showed that ozonation had a good removal effect on bisphenol A from contaminated water. The conditions for ozonation of bisphenol A were obtained by ozone concentration of 11.04 mg/L, flow rate of 2 mL/min, raw water pH at 6.83, loaded temperature 40℃, initial concentration of bisphenol A 10 mg/L, the removal rate of bisphenol A reached up to 86.12%. Appropriate temperature rise promoted ozone degradation of bisphenol A and increase the removal rate of bisphenol A. The appropriate increase of ozone dosage increased the removal rate of bisphenol A. Ozonation of bisphenol A was a rapid reaction with low activation energy. The increase of pH reduced the removal rate of bisphenol A, and ozone degradation of bisphenol A was better under acidic conditions. The removal rate of bisphenol A decreased with the increase of flow rate. When the ozone dose was constant, the increase of initial concentration of bisphenol A resulted in a decrease of the removal rate of bisphenol A. Tert-butanol inhibited the production of hydroxyl radicals and reduced the removal rate of bisphenol A, but its concentration had little effect on the removal rate of bisphenol A. Ozonatio of bisphenol A was mainly caused by direct oxidation of ozone and there was also indirect oxidation of hydroxyl radicals. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select Study on characteristics of hydrogen fuel cell power generation system using metal hydride as solid-state hydrogen source Hongli YAN Zuowei LU Zhiliang JING Zhen WU Chin. J. Process Eng.    2020, 20 (2): 237-244.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.219173 Abstract （790）      PDF （711KB）（264）       Knowledge map    Save The hydrogen fuel cell technology has been increasingly developed in recent years due to its advantages of clean utilization, high efficiency and free-pollution. Thus, hydrogen fuel cell technology is regarded as one of the most promising power generation systems in the future. In the practical applications of hydrogen fuel cell technology, an efficient, safe and economical hydrogen storage method is remarkably crucial for promoting large-scale utilization of hydrogen fuel cell technology. Among all the hydrogen storage methods, the solid-state hydrogen storage method has been extensively reported to be the promising candidate for hydrogen storage due to its advantages of high hydrogen storage capacity, good hydrogen absorption/desorption reversibility, moderate hydrogen absorption/desorption plateau pressure, low price and good safety. Metal hydride, as the well-known hydrogen storage material, has been successfully applied in the fields of heat pump, hydrogen compression and polygeneration. In this work, the solid-state hydrogen storage reactor based on metal hydride was designed and integrated with the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) to form a highly efficient and high volumetric density power generation system. Specifically, an experimental platform of the fuel cell power system with a nominal output power of 20 W was developed and used to investigate the effects of various key operating parameters including hydrogen absorption pressure, dehydriding temperature and the hydrogen flow rate after dehydriding on the hydrogen fuel cell system?s output. The results showed that a stable hydrogen flow rate after dehydriding could be maintained for up to 4500 s when the hydrogen absorption pressure was at least 0.60 MPa. Moreover, a higher hydrogen flow rate resulted in higher power generation from the fuel cell power generation system. When the dehydriding temperature was more than 60℃, the metal hydride hydrogen storage reactor enabled a complete release of the stored hydrogen. However, further increased in the dehydriding temperature had little contributions to facilitating the dehydriding reaction. In addition, lower hydrogen flow rates which were still over the required flow input into the PEMFC resulted in longer working time of the fuel cell power generation system. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select Ionic liquids self-templating to synthesize nitrogen-doped porous carbon materials for CO 2 adsorption Jiahui LIU Huiting LIU Guoying ZHAO Zhenyu SUN Chin. J. Process Eng.    2020, 20 (1): 108-115.   DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.219164 Abstract （545）      PDF （2351KB）（180）       Knowledge map    Save With the increase of man-made emissions, CO2 capture after combustion has become a key component of greenhouse gas emission reduction. The search for a better CO2 capture material has caused great attention and nitrogen-doped porous carbon materials are considered as one of the most promising candidates. However, traditional preparation methods of nitrogen-doped porous carbon materials suffer from the shorts of complex process, harsh reaction conditions and low product yield. Using ionic liquids as the raw materials to synthesize nitrogen-doped porous carbon materials through ionothermal cyclotrimerization is a simplified and high-yield manner. In the present works, a series of nitrogen-doped porous carbon materials were synthesized directly by high temperature carbonization using cyano ionic liquids as raw material. By varying the structure and anions of the ionic liquid precursor and synthesis conditions, the pore architecture and surface functional groups of the materials could be controlled. The ionic liquid precursors were characterized by 1H-NMR, CHN element analysis and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The nanostructure of the porous carbon materials were observed by Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) and the types of N-containing groups of the carbon material were investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The N element content was confirmed by elements analysis. The pore structures were evaluated by Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) nitrogen sorption isotherms measured at 77 K. CO2 adsorption performance of these materials was carried out on a gravimetric microbalance (IGA). Combing the BET results and TGA analysis showed that the anions of ionic liquids acted as the template agent in the process of polymerization. These nitrogen-doped porous carbon materials mainly had mesoporous structure and the highest specific surface area reached to 732.6 m2/g. The highest N content reached to 9.9wt%. Owing to strong interactions between the CO2 molecules and nitrogen-containing basic sites, the highest CO2 adsorption quantity reached to 20.9wt% under 1.8 MPa at 25℃. The materials could be completely regenerated under the vacuum at 180℃, indicating its good stability. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics page Page 1 of 3 Total 86 records First page Prev page Next page Last page